Skeletal Maturity Might Not Be a Factor in Optimizing Outcomes in Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Introduction Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is rarely indicated in the skeletally immature population. In these instances, there is concern for implant survival compared to the traditional older population. There has been a steady rise in the use of THA in the pediatric population due to improvements in surgical techniques.

Long-Term Revision-Free Survival Following Operative Fixation of Femoral Neck Fractures in Young Adults.

Objectives: To identify the rate of fixation failure following femoral neck fracture (FNF) fixation in young adults within a national database.

Methods: Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: National all-payer claims database.

Bridging the Gap: Advocating for Medical Students Without Home Orthopaedic Surgery Programs.

Medical students without a home orthopaedic surgery program face unique challenges due to the absence of institutional connections and mentorship opportunities. This review explores the hurdles faced by these students, including financial constraints, emotional strains, mentorship gaps, and networking hurdles. Drawing from empirical evidence and scholarly research, tailored advocacy strategies to empower these medical students pursuing orthopaedic surgery residency are proposed, including mentorship programs, financial assistance, psychosocial support, and community-building initiatives.

Building a Systems Map: Applying Systems Thinking to Unhealthy Commodity Industry Influence on Public Health Policy.

Background: Unhealthy commodity industries (UCIs) engage in political practices to influence public health policy, which poses barriers to protecting and promoting public health. Such influence exhibits characteristics of a complex system. Systems thinking would therefore appear to be a useful lens through which to study this phenomenon, potentially deepening our understanding of how UCI influence are interconnected with one another through their underlying political, economic and social structures.

Complex Interventions for a Complex System? Using Systems Thinking to Explore Ways to Address Unhealthy Commodity Industry Influence on Public Health Policy.

Background: Interventions are needed to prevent and mitigate unhealthy commodity industry (UCI) influence on public health policy. Whilst literature on interventions is emerging, current conceptualisations remain incomplete as they lack considerations of the wider systemic complexities surrounding UCI influence, which may limit intervention effectiveness. This study applies systems thinking as a theoretical lens to help identify and explore how possible interventions relate to one another in the systems in which they are embedded.

Predicting prolonged hospital stay following hip dysplasia surgery in the pediatric population.

Previous studies have shown that minimizing the length of hospital stay (LOS) following surgical procedures reduces costs and can improve the patients' quality of life and satisfaction. However, this relationship has not been defined following operative treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the most important nonmodifiable and modifiable factors that can predispose patients to require a prolonged LOS following hip dysplasia surgery.

Neighborhood Deprivation and Treatment Challenges in Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections: A Socioeconomic Analysis.

Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) infections are prevalent in the pediatric population, with previous research highlighting the significant impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on treatment outcomes. However, the specific link in pediatric cohorts remains poorly understood. The Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a measure of neighborhood-level disadvantage, serves as a crucial marker for SES.

Face the (unamplified) music: Key findings for musicians.

Music is complex. There are risks to hearing health associated with playing due to excessive sound exposure. Face the Music is an on-going cross-sectional project to assess the risks to unamplified classical musicians.

AOA Critical Issues Symposium: Advancing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Orthopaedic Surgery.

In recent years, the medical field has recognized the pivotal role of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in enhancing patient care and addressing health-care disparities. Orthopaedic surgery has embraced these principles to create a more inclusive and representative workforce. A DEI symposium that was sponsored by the American Orthopaedic Association convened orthopaedic surgeons, researchers, educators, and stakeholders to discuss challenges and strategies for implementing DEI initiatives.

A National Database Analysis: Does Cold Weather Affect the Surgical Intervention Rate for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Children Under Five Years?

Background Cold weather in the first few months of life may increase the risk of a late diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Early detection of DDH can often be treated non-surgically. The purpose of this study is to observe whether the rates of surgical intervention for DDH differ based on average outdoor temperatures in the winter months.

A National Observational Study From 2010 to 2021 of the Trends in the Timing of Hip Surgery in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Is Surgery Being Performed Earlier?

Background Hip instability is a concern in pediatric cerebral palsy (CP) patients, with approximately one-third developing hip displacement. This may lead to pain, functional limitations, and decreased quality of life. Due to the progressive nature of hip displacement in CP, earlier surgical interventions may be beneficial.

Equity in the Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) Diagnosis and Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study to Unravel the Effect of Area Deprivation and the Insurance Type.

Background Timely diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is crucial for implementing less invasive treatment. However, socioeconomic barriers may lead to late diagnoses. The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is an indicator of the socioeconomic challenges experienced by patients and their families.

Pediatric Hip Dysplasia Surgery Outcomes by Pediatric Versus Nonpediatric Orthopedists.

Objectives Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a spectrum of abnormalities in the immature hip. Surgical intervention is indicated if conservative management fails. Despite the increased supply of pediatric orthopedic surgeons (POSs) over the last few decades, there continues to be a maldistribution of surgeons.

From Hip Screening to Hip Surveillance: Transforming Care for Patients With Cerebral Palsy: An Analysis of a Single Institution.

Introduction: Surveillance programs aimed at monitoring hip displacement in patients with cerebral palsy have been demonstrated to decrease the incidence of hip dislocations and properly time surgical intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine whether the implementation of a hip screening to surveillance program at a tertiary academic teaching hospital in 2017 increased the frequency of radiographic evaluations and changed the timing of surgical intervention.

Methods: A total of 592 patients with cerebral palsy were identified, and 468 of these patients had initial radiograph date data available.

Congenital Vertical Talus: An Updated Review.

Congenital vertical talus (CVT) is the presence of rigid flatfoot deformity characterized by hindfoot valgus and equinus. This foot deformity is associated with midfoot dorsiflexion and forefoot abduction due to a fixed dorsal dislocation of the navicular relative to the head of the talus. It is often underdiagnosed in children due to its similarity to other disorders of the foot.

Associations between AI-Assisted Tumor Amphiregulin and Epiregulin IHC and Outcomes from Anti-EGFR Therapy in the Routine Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: High tumor production of the EGFR ligands, amphiregulin (AREG) and epiregulin (EREG), predicted benefit from anti-EGFR therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a retrospective analysis of clinical trial data. Here, AREG/EREG IHC was analyzed in a cohort of patients who received anti-EGFR therapy as part of routine care, including key clinical contexts not investigated in the previous analysis.

Experimental Design: Patients who received panitumumab or cetuximab ± chemotherapy for treatment of RAS wild-type mCRC at eight UK cancer centers were eligible.

Advocacy counterstrategies to tobacco industry interference in policymaking: a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature.

Background: There has been remarkable tobacco control progress in many places around the globe. Tobacco industry interference (TII) has been identified as the most significant barrier to further implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Civil society has been recognised as a key actor in countering TII.

Tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship ban adoption: A pilot study of the reporting challenges faced by low- and middle-income countries.

Introduction: The WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) Secretariat has identified issues with Article 13 (Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship) Party policy progress reporting, whilst some researchers remain skeptical of the completeness and accuracy of the data collected as part of the required reporting questionnaire. Gaining a deeper understanding of the challenges encountered when completing these questionnaires could provide insights to improve WHO FCTC progress reporting.

Methods: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted between January and June 2021, with nine national tobacco control focal point (NFP) individuals (designates who report on WHO FCTC implementation on the Party's behalf) from low- and middle-income countries.

Seeking to be seen as legitimate members of the scientific community? An analysis of British American Tobacco and Philip Morris International's involvement in scientific events.

Introduction: For decades, tobacco companies manipulated and misused science. They funded and disseminated favourable research and suppressed research that showed the harms of their products, deliberately generating misinformation. While previous work has examined many of the practices involved, their engagement in scientific events has so far not been systematically studied.

Tobacco industry messaging around harm: Narrative framing in PMI and BAT press releases and annual reports 2011 to 2021.

Influencing public perception is a key way in which all transnational corporations (TNCs) maintain market dominance and political power. Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) have a long history of leveraging narratives to serve commercial ambitions. The global reach of these companies' narratives has been highlighted as a challenge in combatting public health problems caused by tobacco.