Malignant pleural effusion from papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed by pleural effusion cytology: A case report.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is by far the most common thyroid malignancy (over 85%) of all the thyroid cancers. It has excellent prognosis and 10-year survival rate in most of the cases (95%). Most of the tumors are indolent and do not recur or metastasize after removal.

Differential cardiovascular responses during weaning failure: effects on tissue oxygenation and lactate.

Objective: To test the following two hypotheses during weaning failure: (a) mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) does not decrease in patients whose oxygen consumption does not increase, and (b) blood lactate may increase in patients who demonstrate substantial decreases in SvO2.

Design And Setting: A prospective observational and physiological study in a 30-bed university intensive care unit.

Patients And Participants: 18 patients who failed weaning and 12 patients who succeeded weaning (controls).