Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Selectively Targeting Melanoma Cells In Vitro by Inducing DNA Damage via H2AX Phosphorylation and Hindering Proliferation through ERK Dephosphorylation.

This study investigates the distinctive characteristics of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) and their potential application in cancer therapy, focusing on melanoma. Three types of mNPs, pre-validated for safety, underwent molecular analysis to uncover the activated signaling pathways in melanoma cells. Using the Western blot technique, the study revealed that mNPs induce cytotoxicity, hinder proliferation through ERK1/2 dephosphorylation, and prompt proapoptotic effects, including DNA damage by inducing H2AX phosphorylation.