Transmission models of respiratory infections in carceral settings: A systematic review.

Background: The prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks in carceral settings face unique challenges. Transmission modeling is a powerful tool for understanding and addressing these challenges, but reviews of modeling work in this context pre-date the proliferation of outbreaks in jails and prisons during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We conducted a systematic review of studies using transmission models of respiratory infections in carceral settings before and during the pandemic.

Beyond Virtue-Signaling: Advancing Equity Through Design Justice and Public Health Critical Race Praxis.

As public health mourns the inequitable loss of lives to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and confronts other major social crises, practitioners must explicitly address systems of oppression in their everyday praxis. We describe how the principles of public health critical race praxis (PHCRP) and design justice (DJ) can advance equity in public health. We begin with an overview of PHCRP and DJ, and develop an integrated approach to facilitate community-led change.

Screening for sexually transmitted diseases in short-term correctional institutions: summary of evidence reviewed for the 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines.

Young persons entering US jails and youth detention facilities have high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention added STD screening guidelines specific to correctional settings to the 2010 STD Treatment Guidelines. This article summarizes published evidence from 1990 to 2009 used to develop the recommendations.

Successful management of renal artery aneurysm rupture after cesarean section.

Renal artery aneurysm is a rare entity, and patients are usually asymptomatic at the time of presentation. These aneurysms are rare among pregnant patients, especially after childbirth, and usually form due to changes in vascular wall integrity secondary to hormonal and hemodynamic changes. Here we describe a patient with an intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysm that ruptured after a cesarean section but was immediately identified and managed appropriately, allowing for a successful outcome.

Vascular pseudoaneurysms in urology: clinical characteristics and management.

Background And Purpose: Vascular pseudoaneurysm is a well-documented complication that results after injury to an arterial wall. We review the urologic literature for all reported postprocedural and post-traumatic cases of pseudoaneurysm.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the peer-reviewed literature was performed for reported cases of vascular pseudoaneurysm, with emphasis on clinical presentation and treatment options.

Febrile urinary tract infections in children with an early negative voiding cystourethrogram after treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid.

Purpose: Children in whom nonsurgical management for vesicoureteral reflux fails are considered candidates for surgical intervention. An option is endoscopic treatment with Deflux(R). We reviewed our experience with febrile urinary tract infections in children following initial successful treatment of vesicoureteral reflux with Deflux and identified factors predictive of post-Deflux urinary tract infections.

Signaling through PI3K/Akt mediates stretch and PDGF-BB-dependent DNA synthesis in bladder smooth muscle cells.

Purpose: Smooth muscle cells (SMC) of the bladder undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia following exposure to sustained mechanical overload. Although superficial similarities in the response of the heart and bladder to hypertrophic stimuli suggest that similar molecular mechanisms may be involved, this remains to be demonstrated. In this study we compared signal transduction pathway activation in primary culture bladder SMC and cardiac myofibroblasts in response to cyclic stretch.

Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor stimulates androgen-independent prostate tumor growth and antagonizes androgen receptor function.

Peptide growth factors have been implicated in progression of prostate cancer (PCa) to the androgen-independent state; however, much of the evidence linking diffusible mitogens and survival factors to this process remains circumstantial. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a prostate stroma-derived factor, promotes survival, proliferation, and neuroendocrine differentiation of androgen-dependent LNCaP PCa cells in vitro. To test whether sustained exposure to HB-EGF can confer an androgen-independent phenotype, we generated stable populations of LNCaP cells that express constitutively a secreted form of HB-EGF (LNCaP/sHB).