Global Pathology: A Snapshot of the Problems, the Progress, and the Potential.

Context.—: For equitable global health care, the United Nations has outlined Sustainable Development Goals for health in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) with the goal of reaching universal health care by 2030. Currently, 47% of the global population lacks access to basic diagnostics for many common diseases.

The role of telepathology in improving cancer diagnostic and research capacity in sub-Saharan Africa.

Non-communicable disease (NCD), including cancer, disproportionately affect Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). This inequity is in part due to limitations of pathology services, both human and infrastructural. While significant improvements have been made to address these gaps, creative approaches that are mindful of regional priorities, cultural differences, and unique local challenges are needed.

Comprehensive molecular profiling of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in FNA, biopsy, and resection specimens.

Background: Molecular testing to identify molecular alterations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been increasingly requested because of potential therapeutic implications. In this study, we compared the performance of PDAC fine-needle aspiration (FNA), fine-needle biopsy (FNB), and resection specimens for comprehensive molecular analysis.

Methods: A next-generation sequencing-based Oncomine Comprehensive Assay (OCA) was used to analyze molecular alterations in FNA, FNB, or resection specimens.

Pathology Engagement in Global Health: Survey Data of Global Pathology Interest and Barriers.

Context.—: Although pathology is essential to almost every practice in medicine, laboratory medicine professionals do not routinely volunteer in global health practice.

Objective.

Measuring the Efficacy of Pathology Career Recruitment Strategies in US Medical Students.

Context.—: Multiple articles and surveys in the literature suggest that medical students find a career in pathology undesirable and believe it is disproportionately focused primarily on the autopsy.

Objective.

Primary Lung Cribriform Adenocarcinoma With Squamoid Morules Harboring Somatic Mutation in a Never-Smoked Healthy Adolescent.

Primary lung adenocarcinomas are rare in pediatric patients, and even rarer in patients without precedent malignancy or congenital malformation. Here we present the first reported case of primary lung cribriform adenocarcinoma with squamoid morules in a previously healthy adolescent female. Molecular testing identified mutation in the tumor and excluded other common mutations in lung adenocarcinoma.

Social Media Engagement at Academic Conferences: Report of the Association of Pathology Chairs 2018 and 2019 Annual Meeting Social Media Committee.

The use of social media at academic conferences is expanding, and platforms such as Twitter are used to share meeting content with the world. Pathology conferences are no exception, and recently, pathology organizations have promoted social media as a way to enhance meeting exposure. A social media committee was formed ad hoc to implement strategies to enhance social media involvement and coverage at the 2018 and 2019 annual meetings of the Association of Pathology Chairs.

Disease, drugs, or dinner? Food histology can mimic drugs and parasites in the gastrointestinal tract.

Microscopic foreign objects are sometimes found in gastrointestinal (GI) tract specimens. Some signify important diagnostic findings, such as parasitic or bacterial organisms and some medication resins. Partially digested fruits and vegetables can also be present, and some have been described in the literature as potential mimickers of clinically important findings.

Utilizing Social Media to Spread Knowledge: The Association of Pathology Chairs Experience at the 2018 Annual Meeting.

Participants at academic conferences frequently use social media to disseminate educational content learned while at the meeting. Although most agree that this activity is harmless, some have expressed concern regarding the accuracy of the shared content and whether it truly reflects the intent and message of the speaker. As part of the goals of the APC 2018 social media committee to promote excellence through social media, a study was conducted to measure the perceived accuracy of tweets that represented an opinion or statement from a speaker and was shared during the annual meeting.

Myocarditis: somethings old and something new.

"Since the pathological conditions take place at the cellular level, viral myocarditis and postinfectious autoimmunity can be suggested but not diagnosed clinically. All clinical methods including imaging techniques are misleading if infectious agents are involved. Accurate diagnosis demands simultaneous histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular biological workup of the tissue.

Clinical and Antibiotic Management of Urinary Tract Infections Pre- and Postimplementation of the CLINITEK AUWi System From Siemens to Screen Out Negative Urine Samples Submitted for Culture: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To compare patterns of inpatient and outpatient antibiotic use between patients who awaited urine culture results and patients whose urine specimens had been submitted for culture and were screened using the CLINITEK AUWi System.

Methods: This quasi-experimental retrospective cohort study included patient records with a urine specimen and hospital admission from 1 month before to 1 month after implementation of the system. We compared data from the pre- and postimplementation groups using the χ2 test or Fisher exact test.

Comparison of patient hospital length of stay pre and post implementation of the CLINITEK AUWi System from Siemens to screen out negative urine samples intended for culture: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine the impact of using the CLINITEK AUWi System to screen out negative urine samples intended for culture on patient length of stay and culture results at a community teaching hospital.

Design And Methods: We used a retrospective cohort design to compare length of stay for patients admitted before and after implementation of the CLINITEK AUWi System to screen urine samples prior to culture. Before implementation, all urine samples were sent to an external laboratory for culture.

Expedient Lewis acid catalyzed synthesis of a 3-substituted 5-arylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoin Library.

An efficient and rapid solution phase combinatorial synthesis of a 3-substituted 5-arylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoin library was developed. The salient feature for this library production procedure is the addition of the Lewis acid catalyst, indium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate, which serves to facilitate the direct condensation of aldehydes with 3-substituted 1-methyl-2-thiohydantoins. Use of this Lewis acid catalyst has resulted in faster reaction times, higher conversions and better purity profiles for these condensation reactions as compared to traditional uncatalyzed reactions.

Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines. Identification of the privileged structure and combinatorial synthesis of 3-(hetero)arylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides.

The pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine class of compounds has been identified as a privileged structure for library synthesis on the basis of several key characteristics of the core molecule. A chemical set in excess of 400 compounds was synthesized to give 3,6,7-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinecarboxamides 9. To facilitate the rapid preparation of this library, a preparative strategy included the synthesis of activated p-nitrophenyl esters, followed by subsequent scavenging of the p-nitrophenol leaving group.