Pseudomonas petrae sp. nov. isolated from regolith samples in Antarctica.

A polyphasic taxonomic approach was used to characterize the four strains P2653, P2652, P2498, and P2647, isolated from Antarctic regolith samples. Initial genotype screening performed by PCR fingerprinting based on repetitive sequences showed that the isolates studied formed a coherent cluster separated from the other Pseudomonas species. Identification results based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the highest sequence similarity with Pseudomonas graminis (99.

sp. nov., isolated from Weddell seals in Antarctica.

A taxonomic study was carried out on four Gram-stain-negative strains P5773, P6169, P4708 and P6245, isolated from anus or mouth samples of Weddell seals at James Ross Island, Antarctica. The results of initial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that all four strains formed a group placed in the genus and found and to be their closest neighbours with 99.9 and 99.

[Thyroid carcinomas: the present view on diagnostics and therapy].

Thyroid carcinoma (TC) represents 1-2 % of all human tumors, and is the seventh most common tumor. Women are in large majority among new patients. For women, this is the fifth most common tumor.

[Thyroid carcinomas - current therapeutic procedures].

Incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinomas, especially papillary carcinomas, in recent decades worldwide increase. This is especially the detection of small tumor sizes up to two centimeters. Causes of the increase of these cancers are either increased number of thyroid investigations, but also the actual increase of this disease.

[Risk factors of thyroid carcinoma].

Thyroid cancer is one of the worlds fastest growing tumor incidences. The number of new cases has particularly increased in differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. In the Czech Republic it is documented that the incidence of thyroid cancer continues to grow, since 1980 has increased four times.

Evaluation of the strain identity between isolates from caries lesions and root canals in early childhood caries cases.

Early childhood caries (ECC) has become a serious medical problem worldwide in the last decade. Bacterial microflora of the dental plaque and oral cavity is considered an important factor in the formation and progression of dental caries. The aim of this study was strain typing and comparison of bacterial isolates retrieved from caries lesions and root canal contents of the same teeth.

Identification of Staphylococcus spp. using (GTG)₅-PCR fingerprinting.

A group of 212 type and reference strains deposited in the Czech Collection of Microorganisms (Brno, Czech Republic) and covering 41 Staphylococcus species comprising 21 subspecies was characterised using rep-PCR fingerprinting with the (GTG)₅ primer in order to evaluate this method for identification of staphylococci. All strains were typeable using the (GTG)₅ primer and generated PCR products ranging from 200 to 4500 bp. Numerical analysis of the obtained fingerprints revealed (sub)species-specific clustering corresponding with the taxonomic position of analysed strains.

Staphylococcus microti sp. nov., isolated from the common vole (Microtus arvalis).

Two strains of Gram-positive cocci were isolated from viscera of common voles (Microtus arvalis Pallas) with generalized Brucella microti infection in the Czech Republic. Biochemical features and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains are representatives of the genus Staphylococcus and assigned Staphylococcus muscae as the nearest relative. A detailed characterization done by ribotyping, rpoB and hsp60 gene sequencing, whole-cell protein analysis and rep-PCR using the (GTG)(5) primer differentiated the two strains from all described staphylococci.

Evaluation of (GTG)5-PCR for rapid identification of Streptococcus mutans.

Repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting using the (GTG)(5) primer was applied for fast screening of bacterial strains isolated from dental plaque of early childhood caries (ECC)-affected children. A group of 29 Gram-positive bacteria was separated into a homogeneous cluster together with Streptococcus mutans reference strains and constituted an aberrant branch after the numerical analysis of (GTG)(5)-PCR fingerprints. Automated ribotyping with EcoRI restriction enzyme (RiboPrinter microbial characterization system) revealed high genetic heterogeneity among the tested group and proved to be a good tool for strain-typing purposes.

Occurance of Staphylococcus nepalensis strains in different sources including human clinical material.

Five isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci were obtained from human urine, the gastrointestinal tract of squirrel monkeys, pig skin and from the environment. All key biochemical characteristics of the tested strains corresponded with the description of Staphylococcus xylosus species. However, partial 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from analysed strains corresponded with those of Staphylococcus nepalensis reference strains, except for two strains which differed in one residue.

Staphylococcus equorum and Staphylococcus succinus isolated from human clinical specimens.

A polyphasic identification approach was applied to a group of 11 novobiocin-resistant staphylococci isolated from human clinical materials. Phenotypic characteristics obtained by both commercial and conventional tests assigned eight strains as Staphylococcus xylosus and three strains as ambiguous S. xylosus/Staphylococcus equorum.

Diabetes mellitus in adults: association of HLA DRB1 and DQB1 diabetes risk alleles with GADab presence and C-peptide secretion.

In our study, we investigated the relationship of HLA class II alleles to antibody production against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADab) and to C-peptide secretion (CP) in diabetic patients. A group of 334 patients (190 women) diagnosed after 35 years of age and 99 control subjects were studied. Patients were divided into four groups according to concentrations of CP and GADab, respectively (CP high/low, GADab positive/negative).