Antibiotic stewardship bundle for uncomplicated gram-negative bacteremia at an academic health system: a quasi-experimental study.

Objective: To evaluate whether an antimicrobial stewardship bundle (ASB) can safely empower frontline providers in the treatment of gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSI).

Intervention And Method: From March 2021 to February 2022, we implemented an ASB intervention for GN-BSI in the electronic medical record (EMR) to guide clinicians at the point of care to optimize their own antibiotic decision-making. We conducted a before-and-after quasi-experimental pre-bundle (preBG) and post-bundle (postBG) study evaluating a composite of in-hospital mortality, infection-related readmission, GN-BSI recurrence, and bundle-related outcomes.

Mpox in Children: 3 Cases.

Although the 2022 mpox outbreak mostly affected adults, its effect on children and adolescents was also substantial. In this report, we describe the clinical course and treatment of the first 3 known cases of mpox in children in New York City. These cases are instructive because they illustrate various routes of transmission, clinical presentations, and diagnostic challenges that differ from previous reports of mpox in endemic countries and previous mpox outbreaks.

Utility of incorporation of beta-D-glucan and T2Candida testing for diagnosis and treatment of candidemia.

The additive role of non-culture-based methods for the diagnosis of candidemia remains unknown. We evaluated 2 clinical practices followed in our hospitals for the diagnosis of candidemia, namely practice#1 including a combination of blood cultures and T2Candida, and practice#2 that also included Beta-D-glucan (BDG). Three out of 96 patients testing positive with practice#1 received a complete antifungal course.

Implementation and early outcomes of a telehealth visit model to deliver tecovirimat for mpox infection in New York City.

The 2022 mpox outbreak in New York City posed challenges to rapidly scaling up treatment capacity. We describe a telehealth treatment model launched during this outbreak that facilitated healthcare provider treatment capacity, and was able to adhere to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-sponsored expanded access investigational new drug (EA-IND) protocol for tecovirimat. Sixty-nine patients were evaluated and prescribed tecovirimat for mpox through telehealth visits at NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue and NYU Langone Health from June to August 2022.

Navigating the expanded access investigational new drug protocol for tecovirimat: lessons learned from a public-private hospital partnership during the 2022 NYC mpox outbreak.

During the 2022 mpox outbreak, tecovirimat was accessed through an expanded access investigational new drug (EA-IND) protocol. We leveraged a unique public/private hospital partnership in New York City to create a novel infrastructure to navigate the EA-IND's regulatory requirements and rapidly provide tecovirimat to patients.

Treatment of Piperacillin-Tazobactam-Nonsusceptible/Ceftriaxone-Susceptible Infections With Carbapenem Versus Carbapenem-Sparing Antimicrobials.

Background: and with a piperacillin-tazobactam-nonsusceptible/ceftriaxone-susceptible (TZP-NS/CRO-S) phenotype have been increasingly identified, with limited available literature evaluating treatment strategies.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of noncritically ill adults hospitalized between 2013 and 2021 and treated at least 48 hours for TZP-NS/CRO-S or infections. The primary composite endpoint included escalation to intensive care unit, infection- or treatment-related readmission, mortality, and infection recurrence.

The Role of an Infectious Diseases Faculty Pharmacist and Pharmacy Students on an Antimicrobial Stewardship Team at a Community Non-teaching Hospital.

Antimicrobial stewardship program implementation at non-teaching community hospitals differs due to staffing and resource disparities. Demonstrate that an infectious disease (ID) pharmacist faculty with advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) students can expand antimicrobial stewardship services at non-teaching community hospitals. A single-center, retrospective chart review was conducted comparing prospective audit and feedback antimicrobial stewardship interventions by an ID pharmacist faculty with and without APPE students between January 16, 2020 to January 16, 2021.

Bacteremia in Patients Infected With COVID-19: A Case Series.

Background: Previous viral pandemics have shown that secondary bacterial infections result in higher morbidity and mortality, with being the primary causative pathogen. The impact of secondary bacteremia on mortality in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains unknown.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational case series of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who developed secondary bacteremia across 2 New York City hospitals.

Bartonella infection in immunocompromised hosts: immunology of vascular infection and vasoproliferation.

Most infections by genus Bartonella in immunocompromised patients are caused by B. henselae and B. quintana.

Risk factors for relapse and acquired rifamycin resistance after directly observed tuberculosis treatment: a comparison by HIV serostatus and rifamycin use.

We sought to determine the risk of acquired rifamycin resistant (ARR) tuberculosis associated with rifampin- versus rifabutin-based directly observed therapy and to assess the risk factors for relapse of tuberculosis. This observational cohort study included patients with culture-confirmed rifamycin-susceptible tuberculosis reported to the Baltimore City Health Department (Baltimore, MD) during the period of January 1993 through December 2001. Of the 407 patients, 108 (27%) were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive, 161 (40%) were HIV seronegative, and 138 (34%) had an unknown serostatus.