Shared decision-making related to treatment of haemophilia: A scoping review of influential factors and available support tools.

Introduction: Treatment selection in haemophilia is increasingly challenging given evolving therapeutic options and the need for individualization. Shared decision-making (SDM) approaches have recently gained interest, though a synthesis of available studies is lacking.

Aim: A scoping review was conducted to summarize literature reporting on factors impacting treatment SDM in haemophilia and tools or models available to support such decisions.

Targeting improved patient outcomes using innovative product listing agreements: a survey of Canadian and international key opinion leaders.

Objectives: To address the uncertainty associated with procuring pharmaceutical products, product listing agreements (PLAs) are increasingly being used to support responsible funding decisions in Canada and elsewhere. These agreements typically involve financial-based rebating initiatives or, less frequently, outcome-based contracts. A qualitative survey was conducted to improve the understanding of outcome-based and more innovative PLAs (IPLAs) based on input from Canadian and international key opinion leaders in the areas of drug manufacturing and reimbursement.

The link between environmental toxicant exposure and endometriosis.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the growth of endometrial cells in ectopic locations. Although the etiology of endometriosis is unknown, several hypotheses have been proposed to explain its origin. Retrograde menstruation of endometrial cells into the peritoneum is the most widely accepted theory, however, this phenomenon occurs in approximately 90% of women while the prevalence of endometriosis is much lower.

Tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) protein expression in the human endometrium.

Tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) gene expression, a neurotrophic factor receptor expressed in the brain and ovary, has recently been identified in deep infiltrating endometriosis by gene array. TrkB is thought to be important in resistance to anchorage independent apoptosis (ANOIKIS) and thus could be important in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. However, TrkB protein expression in the eutopic endometrium of women with and without endometriosis is unknown.

Spontaneous appearance of uterine tumors in vehicle and 3-methylcholanthrene-treated Wistar rats.

During the conduct of a study designed to determine the effect of 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), a synthetic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that acts through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), on uterine contractility in Wistar rats, uterine tumors were identified in both vehicle and 3-MC-treated animals. The objective of the current study was to describe the histological characteristics of these tumors. Sexually mature female rats (110 days old) were treated with 70 micro mol/kg 3-MC or vehicle (olive oil) for 4 days and euthanized by exsanguination.

Heteroactivation of cytochrome P450 1A1 by teas and tea polyphenols.

We studied 7-ethoxyresorufin deethylase as an index of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) activity in liver microsomes from rats pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene. The enzyme had complex kinetics compatible with a multisite model. At 1 microM substrate, brewed black, green and white teas had complex effects on enzyme activity consisting of activation at low concentrations and inhibition at higher concentrations.