Heat Acclimation Knowledge among Recreational Runners.

Heat acclimation (HA) is the foremost method of preventing exertional heat illness during exercise in hot and humid environments. However, the prevalence of HA training and its associated knowledge is not currently known in recreational running populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of recreational runners toward HA.

Gender Differences in Social Support and Posttraumatic Growth for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence.

The current study investigated gender differences in perceived social support and posttraumatic growth for survivors of intimate partner violence. Participants for this study included 86 undergraduate students who indicated at least one instance of partner abuse (consisting of physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and harassment). Participants were predominantly female (68%), White/Caucasian (62%), and between 18 and 21 years of age (84%).

Visual classification of running economy by distance running coaches.

This study assessed the ability of coaches to rank-order distance runners on running economy (RE) through visual assessment. Running economy was measured in five trained recreational distance runners at a speed of 3.57 ms, with a minimum VO difference of 2-mL.

Functional Movement Screen Items Predict Dynamic Balance Under Military Torso Load.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries threaten military readiness and impose a significant financial burden. The functional movement screen (FMS), a 7-item, preparticipation screening tool, may aid in identifying compensatory movement patterns that can hinder physical performance and lead to injuries in active-duty military personnel. The primary aim of our study was to determine if items scores from the traditional FMS or a modified FMS (mFMS) obtained under loaded conditions can predict dynamic balance scores while wearing a military load.

Impact of Underwater Treadmill Training on Glycemic Control, Blood Lipids, and Health-Related Fitness in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

A large number of adults with type 2 diabetes experience comorbidities that discourage physical activity and hinder regular participation in land-based exercise programs. An aquatic exercise program is an innovative exercise modality that incorporates combined aerobic and resistance exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if an underwater treadmill walking program featuring gradual and progressive increases in walking speed and duration has a positive effect on glycemic control, metabolic health, cardiovascular function, body composition, and leg strength in middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes.

Strength and Step Activity After Eccentric Resistance Training in Those With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injuries.

Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) often experience general weakness in the lower extremities that undermines daily step activity. To investigate the efficacy of eccentrically biased resistance training on lower extremity strength and physical activity of individuals with spinal injuries. Individuals with long-standing incomplete SCIs ( = 11) capable of completing a 10-meter walk assessment were included.

Use of Functional Movement Screen Scores to Predict Dynamic Balance in Physically Active Men and Women.

Scudamore, EM, Stevens, SL, Fuller, DK, Coons, JM, and Morgan, DW. Use of functional movement screen scores to predict dynamic balance in physically active men and women. J Strength Cond Res 33(7): 1848-1854, 2019-The primary focus of this study was to determine whether scores obtained from the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) can predict dynamic balance in young, healthy adults.

A Cross-Training Program Does Not Alter Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels in Elementary School Children.

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of a school-based cross-training program on body mass index (BMI), attitudes toward physical activity (ATPA), and physical activity (PA) levels of children in the 4 and 5 grades. Children ( = 118) were divided into control ( = 60) and experimental ( = 58) groups based on class availability. While the control group continued academic classes as usual, the experimental group participated in cross-training involving resistance training (RT), calisthenics, and stretching twice a week for 10 weeks.

Effect of a rest-pause vs. traditional squat on electromyography and lifting volume in trained women.

Purpose: Rest-pause (4 s unloaded rest between repetitions) single session training effects on lifting volume, and muscle activity via electromyography (EMG) are currently vague in the literature and can benefit strength and conditioning professionals for resistance training program design. This study compared differences in volume lifted and muscle activity between a rest-pause vs. traditional protocol.

Muscle Activation Patterns of Lower-Body Musculature Among 3 Traditional Lower-Body Exercises in Trained Women.

Korak, JA, Paquette, MR, Fuller, DK, Caputo, JL, and Coons, JM. Muscle activation patterns of lower-body musculature among 3 traditional lower-body exercises in trained women. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2770-2775, 2018-The deadlift and back and front squats are common multijoint, lower-body resistance exercises that target similar musculature.

Ambulation and physical function after eccentric resistance training in adults with incomplete spinal cord injury: A feasibility study.

Strengthening the lower extremities has shown to positively influence walking mechanics in those with neurological deficiencies. Eccentric resistance training (ERT) is a potent stimulus for the development of muscular strength with low metabolic demand. Thereby, ERT may benefit those with incomplete spinal cord injuries (iSCI) seeking to improve ambulatory capacity.

Effect of rest-pause vs. traditional bench press training on muscle strength, electromyography, and lifting volume in randomized trial protocols.

Purpose: Rest-pause (4-s unloaded rest between repetitions) training effects on one repetition maximum (1 RM), lifting volume, and neural activation via electromyography (EMG) are currently vague in the literature and can benefit strength and conditioning professionals for resistance training programme design. Therefore, this study compared 1 RM, neural activation via (EMG), and volume differences between rest-pause vs. traditional resistance training.

Comparison of Running Economy Values While Wearing No Shoes, Minimal Shoes, and Normal Running Shoes.

Cochrum, RG, Connors, RT, Coons, JM, Fuller, DK, Morgan, DW, and Caputo, JL. Comparison of running economy values while wearing no shoes, minimal shoes, and normal running shoes. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 595-601, 2017-The purpose of this study was to quantify differences in running economy (RE) at 50 and 70% of each subject's velocity at V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (vV[Combining Dot Above]O2max) across barefoot and 2 mass, stack height, and heel-to-toe-drop controlled footwear conditions (minimal shoes and normal running shoes) in 9 recreational distance runners (mean age 26.

Validation of the SenseWear Armband as a Measure of Sedentary Behavior and Light Activity.

Background: This study determined the validity and sensitivity of the SenseWear armband (SWA) during sedentary and light office duties compared with indirect calorimetry (IC).

Methods: Participants (N = 22), 30 to 64 years of age, randomly performed 6 conditions for 5 minutes each (ie, supine, sitting no movement, standing no movement, sitting office work, standing office work, walking at 1.0 mph).

Psychological predictors of mental toughness in elite tennis: an exploratory study in learned resourcefulness and competitive trait anxiety.

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which two constructs, learned resourcefulness and competitive trait anxiety, measured by the Self-Control Schedule and Sports Competition Anxiety Test, respectively, predicted mental toughness on the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire among male and female elite tennis players. The participants included two NCAA Division 1 (U.S.

Correlates of Physical Activity Among People With Disabilities in South Korea: A Multilevel Modeling Approach.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlates of physical activity (PA) with personal and environmental factors among people with disabilities in South Korea.

Methods: Data from the 2011 National Survey for Physical Activity and Exercise for the Disabled, conducted by Korea Sports Association for the Disabled, was used (n = 1478). The personal characteristics (age, gender, occupation, types of disabilities, family income) and the numbers of public PA-related facilities (welfare center, public indoor gym, and public outdoor facilities) and social sports/exercise clubs for people with disabilities across 16 local areas were also obtained.

Effects of underwater treadmill training on leg strength, balance, and walking performance in adults with incomplete spinal cord injury.

Objective: To document the effects of underwater treadmill training (UTT) on leg strength, balance, and walking performance in adults with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI).

Design: Pre-test and post-test design.

Setting: Exercise physiology laboratory.

Leg strength, preferred walking speed, and daily step activity in adults with incomplete spinal cord injuries.

Background: The reduction in physical activity that accompanies spinal cord injury (SCI) contributes to the development of secondary health concerns. Research has explored potential strategies to enhance the recovery of walking and lessen the impact of physical disability following SCI, but further work is needed to identify determinants of community walking activity in this population.

Objectives: To quantify relationships among lower extremity strength (LES), preferred walking speed (PWS), and daily step activity (DSA) in adults with incomplete SCI (iSCI) and determine the extent to which LES and PWS predict DSA in persons with iSCI.

The Relationship between Cortisol and Bone Mineral Density in Competitive Male Cyclists.

Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether race day cortisol was related to bone mineral density (BMD) in competitive male cyclists. A secondary purpose was to determine additional factors associated with BMD in competitive male cyclists.

Influence of age on step activity patterns in children with cerebral palsy and typically developing children.

Objective: To document the influence of age on step activity patterns in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typically developing (TD) children.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: All step activity data were collected in free-living environments.

Physical fitness and academic achievement in elementary school children.

Background: The benefits of physical fitness are widely acknowledged and extend across many domains of wellness. The association between fitness and academic achievement, however, remains to be clarified, especially in young children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fitness and academic achievement in elementary school children.

Physical activity and quality of life in adults with spinal cord injury.

Background/objective: To document the relationship between level of physical activity and quality of life in persons with spinal cord injury.

Design: Cross-sectional investigation.

Participants/methods: Men (n = 32) and women (n = 30) with complete and incomplete spinal cord lesions below C6 volunteered to participate in this study.

The effect of static stretching on phases of sprint performance in elite soccer players.

The purpose of this study was to determine which phase of a 30-m sprint (acceleration and/or maximal velocity) was affected by preperformance static stretching. Data were collected from 20 elite female soccer players. On two nonconsecutive days, participants were randomly assigned to either the stretch or no-stretch condition.