A principled link between object naming and representation is available to infants by seven months of age.

By their first birthdays, infants represent objects flexibly as a function of not only whether but how the objects are named. Applying the same name to a set of different objects from the same category supports object categorization, with infants encoding commonalities among objects at the expense of individuating details. In contrast, applying a distinct name to each object supports individuation, with infants encoding distinct features at the expense of categorical information.

I See What You Are Saying: Hearing Infants' Visual Attention and Social Engagement in Response to Spoken and Sign Language.

Infants are endowed with a proclivity to acquire language, whether it is presented in the auditory or visual modality. Moreover, in the first months of life, listening to language supports fundamental cognitive capacities, including infants' facility to form object categories (e.g.

Construing events first-hand: Gesture viewpoints interact with speech to shape the attribution and memory of agency.

Beyond conveying objective content about objects and actions, what can co-speech iconic gestures reveal about a speaker's subjective relationship to that content? The present study explores this question by investigating how gesture viewpoints can inform a listener's construal of a speaker's agency. Forty native English speakers watched videos of an actor uttering sentences with different viewpoints-that of low agency or high agency-conveyed through both speech and gesture. Participants were asked to (1) rate the speaker's responsibility for the action described in each video (encoding task) and (2) complete a surprise memory test of the spoken sentences (recall task).

Clinical implementation of plasma EGFR T790M testing using droplet digital PCR in TKI-resistant NSCLC patients.

Background: Majority of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients progressed on epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) due to acquired T790M mutation. Blood sample is increasingly used in clinical setting for EGFR T790M detection and our laboratory employed the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) methodology for testing. This study investigated the positive rate, specimen type for rebiopsy and clinical impact of blood-based EGFR T790M testing.

Wilms' tumor 1 silencing decreases the viability and chemoresistance of glioblastoma cells in vitro: a potential role for IGF-1R de-repression.

Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) is a transcription factor with a multitude of downstream targets that have wide-ranging effects in non-glioma cell lines. Though its expression in glioblastomas is now well-documented, the role of WT1 in these tumors remains poorly defined. We hypothesized that WT1 functions as an oncogene to enhance glioblastoma viability and chemoresistance.

Frequency and seasonal variation of ophthalmology-related internet searches.

Objective: To use internet search activity to reveal the intensity of public interest and seasonal variation in ophthalmology-related diseases, symptoms, and treatments.

Design: Time-series analysis of internet search data.

Methods: Google trend data for ophthalmology terms for the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia from 2004 through 2008 were studied.

Down-regulation of Wilms' tumor 1 expression in glioblastoma cells increases radiosensitivity independently of p53.

The Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) gene is overexpressed in human glioblastoma and correlates with wild-type p53 status. In other cell types, WT1 inhibits p53-mediated apoptosis in response to DNA damaging agents. However, neither this interaction nor the relationship between WT1 and radiosensitivity has been studied in glioblastoma.