Single World Intervention Graphs (SWIGs): A Practical Guide.

This article offers a comprehensive and user-friendly guide to visualizing causal theories using Single World Intervention Graphs (SWIGs). We begin with a discussion of the potential outcomes approach to causality and limitations of using Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) under this framework. We then introduce SWIGs as a simple but powerful tool for integrating potential outcomes explicitly into causal diagrams.

In-home TB Testing Using GeneXpert Edge is Acceptable, Feasible, and Improves the Proportion of Symptomatic Household Contacts Tested for TB: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Household contact investigations are effective for finding tuberculosis (TB) cases but are hindered by low referral uptake for clinic-based evaluation and testing. We assessed the acceptability and feasibility of in-home testing of household contacts (HHC) using the GeneXpert Edge platform.

Methods: We conducted a 2-arm, randomized study in Eastern Cape, South Africa.

"I know why I am taking this pill": Young women navigation of disclosure and support for PrEP uptake and adherence in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

There is limited understanding of the dynamic interplay between adolescent girl's and young women's (AGYW) disclosure and social support for using oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and adherence. Towards this, we conducted interviews with 42 AGYW enrolled in The Community PrEP Study who exhibited either high or low blood concentrations of tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots. Guided by Theories of Practice, interviews and analysis focused on AGYW perspectives and experiences with PrEP disclosure, support and adherence.

Qualitative Identification of Intervention Preferences to Support Men's Engagement and Retention in TB Care in South Africa.

Globally and in South African specifically, men account for 56% and 62% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, respectively. Men are at increased risk of not accessing TB testing or treatment, and having poor treatment outcomes. Unfortunately, no interventions exist to address these issues.

Acceptability and feasibility of leveraging community-based HIV counselling and testing platforms for same-day oral PrEP initiation among adolescent girls and young women in Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Introduction: Community-based delivery of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to South African adolescent girls and young women's (AGYW) could increase access but needs evaluation. We integrated PrEP services via home-based services and pop-up tents into existing community-based HIV testing services (CB-HTS) in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

Methods: After accessing CB-HTS via a "pop-up" tent or home-based services, HIV-negative AGYW aged 16-25 years were invited to complete a baseline questionnaire and referred for PrEP services at a community-based PrEP site co-located with pop-up HTS tents.

Improving Healthcare Worker Resilience and Well-Being During COVID-19 Using a Self-Directed E-Learning Intervention.

High rates of burnout, depression, anxiety, and insomnia in healthcare workers responding to the COVID-19 pandemic have been reported globally. Responding to the crisis, the Foundation for Professional Development (FPD) developed an e-learning course to support healthcare worker well-being and resilience. A self-paced, asynchronous learning model was used as the training intervention.

The Community PrEP Study: a randomized control trial leveraging community-based platforms to improve access and adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa-study protocol.

Background: HIV incidence among South African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) remains high, but could be reduced by highly effective pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Unfortunately, AGYW report significant barriers to clinic-based sexual and reproductive health services. Even when AGYW access PrEP as an HIV prevention method, poor prevention-effective use was a serious barrier to achieving its optimal HIV prevention benefits.

Outcomes from a multimodal, at-scale community-based HIV counselling and testing programme in twelve high HIV burden districts in South Africa.

Introduction: Facility-based HIV testing services (HTS) have been less acceptable and accessible by adolescents, men and key populations in South Africa. Community-based HIV counselling and testing (CBCT) modalities, including mobile unit and home-based testing, have been proposed to decrease barriers to HIV testing uptake. CBCT modalities and approaches may be differentially acceptable to men and women based on age.

"I got tested at home, the help came to me": acceptability and feasibility of home-based TB testing of household contacts using portable molecular diagnostics in South Africa.

Objective: The effectiveness of household contact investigations is limited by low referral uptake for clinic-based TB testing by symptomatic household contacts. We qualitatively investigated the acceptability and perceived benefits of home-based TB testing using a portable GeneXpert-I instrument (GX-I) in an urban South African township.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with household contacts tested and those that observed testing.