Bile acids alleviate intestinal inflammation by modulating gut microbiota composition in LPS-challenged broilers.

Previous research has identified bile acids (BAs) as a valuable supplement for animal feed, especially in the poultry industry. However, there is limited research on the use of bile acids as a preventative measure against intestinal inflammation in broilers. This study aims to investigate the impact of dietary BAs on LPS-triggered intestinal inflammation in broilers.

Distribution and environmental dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in poultry farms and surrounding ecosystems.

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide, with farms serving as crucial reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and Antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, the distribution of ARGs in poultry farms and their transmission patterns in the environment remain poorly understood. This study collected samples of aerosol microorganisms, cloacal matter, soil, and vegetables from poultry farms and surrounding environments at three different distances.

Exploring the optimal chain length of modification module in disulfide bond bridged paclitaxel prodrug nanoassemblies for breast tumor treatment.

In the prodrug-based self-assembled nanoassemblies, prodrugs usually consist of drug modules, response modules, and modification modules. Modification modules play a critical role in regulating the nano-assembly ability of the prodrugs. Herein, we carried out a "fatty alcoholization" strategy and chose various lengths of aliphatic alcohol chains (AC) as modification modules to construct disulfide bond bridged paclitaxel (PTX) prodrug nanoassemblies.

Revealing the impact of modified modules flexibility on gemcitabine prodrug nanoassemblies for effective cancer therapy.

Prodrug nanoassemblies combine the advantages of prodrug strategies and nanotechnology have been widely utilized for delivering antitumor drugs. These prodrugs typically comprise active drug modules, response modules, and modification modules. Among them, the modification modules play a critical factor in improving the self-assembly ability of the parent drug.

Global and multi-partition local network analysis of scalp EEG in West syndrome before and after treatment.

West syndrome is an epileptic disease that seriously affects the normal growth and development of infants in early childhood. Based on the methods of brain topological network and graph theory, this article focuses on three clinical states of patients before and after treatment. In addition to discussing bidirectional and unidirectional global networks from the perspective of computational principles, a more in-depth analysis of local intra-network and inter-network characteristics of multi-partitioned networks is also performed.

Investigation of morphology and structure of drug-loaded PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA polymeric micelle: A dissipative particle dynamics simulations study.

The dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation was used to study the morphologies and structures of the paclitaxel-loaded PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA polymeric micelle. We focused on the influences of PLA block length, PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA copolymer concentration, paclitaxel drug content on morphologies and structures of the micelle. Our simulations show that: (i) with the PLA block length increase, the self-assemble structure of PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA copolymers with paclitaxel vary between onion-like structure (core-middle layer-shell) to spherical core-shell structure.

The effect of lengths of branched-chain fatty alcohols on the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-prodrug nanoassemblies.

The self-assembly prodrugs are usually consisted of drug modules, activation modules, and assembly modules. Keeping the balance between efficacy and safety by selecting suitable modules remains a challenge for developing prodrug nanoassemblies. This study designed four docetaxel (DTX) prodrugs using disulfide bonds as activation modules and different lengths of branched-chain fatty alcohols as assembly modules (C, C, C, and C).

Case report: A novel perspective on the treatment of primary tracheal small cell carcinoma: a patient's experience with immuno-combined EP therapy and literature review.

Tracheal small cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignancy, for which the optimal treatment strategy has yet to be determined. Currently, treatment largely aligns with the therapeutic guidelines established for small cell lung cancer, although numerous unresolved issues remain. This paper details a case study of a patient with Stage IIIB primary tracheal SCC, who was treated with an immune-combined etoposide-platinum(EP) regimen.

Heterogeneities of the perceptual-motor style during locomotion at height.

In a recent review, we summarized the characteristics of perceptual-motor style in humans. Style can vary from individual to individual, task to task and pathology to pathology, as sensorimotor transformations demonstrate considerable adaptability and plasticity. Although the behavioral evidence for individual styles is substantial, much remains to be done to understand the neural and mechanical substrates of inter-individual differences in sensorimotor performance.

Minor Changes in Response Modules Leading to a "U-Shaped" Conversion Rate of Docetaxel Prodrug Nanoassemblies.

The prodrug-based nanoassemblies offer an alternative to settle the deficiencies of traditional chemotherapy drugs. In this nanosystem, prodrugs typically comprise drug modules, modification modules, and response modules. The response modules are crucial for facilitating the accurate conversion of prodrugs at specific sites.

Satellite-Type Sulfur Atom Distribution in Trithiocarbonate Bond-Bridged Dimeric Prodrug Nanoassemblies: Achieving Both Stability and Activatability.

Homodimeric prodrug nanoassemblies (HDPNs) hold promise for improving the delivery efficiency of chemo-drugs. However, the key challenge lies in designing rational chemical linkers that can simultaneously ensure the chemical stability, self-assembly stability, and site-specific activation of prodrugs. The "in series" increase in sulfur atoms, such as trisulfide bond, can improve the assembly stability of HDPNs to a certain extent, but limits the chemical stability of prodrugs.

Grouped Multivariate Variational Mode Decomposition With Application to EEG Analysis.

Objective: In this paper, a novel extended form of multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) method to multigroup data named as grouped MVMD (GMVMD) is proposed. GMVMD is distinct from MVMD as it extracts common frequencies with strong correlations among regional channels.

Methods: Firstly, GMVMD utilizes a new clustering algorithm named as frequencies grouping algorithm to classify the nearest common frequencies among all channels to specified groups.

Effect of high-intensity ultrasound on the structural and functional properties of proteins in housefly larvae (Musca demestica).

Insect protein has gradually attracted wide attention from the international research community as a promising source of high-quality protein that can replace traditional protein sources. The larvae of the housefly, a prevalent and widespread species, contain high levels of protein with beneficial properties, namely, anti-fatigue, anti-radiation, and anti-aging functions, as well as liver protection and immunity enhancement. This work thoroughly examined the impact of high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) on the structural and functional characteristics of housefly larval concentrate protein (HLCP).

DHA and EPA inhibit porcine coronavirus replication by alleviating ER stress.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea caused by porcine coronaviruses remains a major threat to the global swine industry. Fatty acids are extensively involved in the whole life of the virus. In this study, we found that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) significantly reduced the viral load of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) and acted on the replication of the viruses rather than attachment and entry.

Grit in second language acquisition: a systematic review from 2017 to 2022.

Recent years have witnessed increasing attention to personality strength (grit) due to its merit in goal-seeking language learning processes. Two facets of grit, namely perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI), play a critical role in overcoming learning difficulties and strengthening willpower to pursue learning goals. The current review seeks to explore various issues related to grit, including its factor structure, the relationship between grit and frequently associated factors, as well as the utility of PE and CI in facilitating language learning.

[Retracted] MicroRNA‑616 promotes the growth and metastasis of non‑small cell lung cancer by targeting SOX7.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that the cell formation assay data shown in Figs. 3D, 4D, 8D and 9D were strikingly similar to data that had already appeared in another article written by different authors at different research institutes [Wang Z, Jiang C, Chen W, Zhang G, Luo D, Cao Y Wu J, Ding Y and Liu B: Baicalein induces apoptosis and autophagy via endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Res Int: 732516, 2014].

Becoming a Non-native Chinese Language Teacher: An Identity Triangle Model Analysis.

This study utilises the Identity Triangle Model (Dugas in Teach Dev 25(3):243-262, 2021, 10.1080/13664530.2021.

Cabazitaxel prodrug nanoassemblies with branched chain modifications: Narrowing the gap between efficacy and safety.

The clinical application of cabazitaxel (CTX) is restricted by severe dose-related toxicity, failing to considering therapeutic efficacy and safety together. Self-assembled prodrugs promote new drug delivery paradigms as they can self-deliver and self-formulate. However, the current studies mainly focused on the use of straight chains to construct self-assembled prodrugs, and the role of branched chains in prodrug nanoassemblies remains to be clarified.

Rational Engineering Docetaxel Prodrug Nanoassemblies: Response Modules Guiding Efficacy Enhancement and Toxicity Reduction.

Prodrug-based nanoassemblies have been developed to solve the bottlenecks of chemotherapeutic drugs. The fabricated prodrugs usually consist of active drug modules, response modules, and modification modules. Among three modules, the response modules play a vital role in controlling the intelligent drug release at tumor sites.

Integrating Transcriptomics and Metabolomics to Explore the Novel Pathway of Invading Colon Cancer Cells.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy with a very high incidence and mortality rate worldwide. bacteria and their metabolites play a role in inducing and promoting CRC; however, no studies on the exchange of information between extracellular vesicles (evs) and CRC cells have been reported. Our research shows that ATCC25586 secretes extracellular vesicles carrying active substances from parental bacteria which are endocytosed by colon cancer cells.

zz-1 Supplementation Mitigates Depression-Like Symptoms in Chronic Stress-Induced Depressed Mice via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis.

Accumulating evidence has revealed an association between depression and disordered intestinal microecology. The discovery of psychobiotics has provided a promising perspective for studying the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Here, we aimed to investigate the antidepressant abilities of zz-1 (LRzz-1) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Neoadjuvant sintilimab and chemotherapy in patients with potentially resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (KEEP-G 03): an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: The standard neoadjuvant treatments in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still have either poor safety or efficacy. Better therapies are needed in China.

Methods: This was an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Precise engineering of disulfide bond-bridged prodrug nanoassemblies to balance antitumor efficacy and safety.

Prodrug-based nanoassemblies, which combine the merits of prodrug technology and nanocarriers, are regarded as promising platforms for cancer treatment. Notably, the chemical structure of prodrugs is closely associated with antitumor efficacy and safety, and the intrinsic relationships among them need further exploration. Herein, paclitaxel was conjugated with 2-octyldodecan-1-ol through different positions of disulfide bond to construct the prodrug nanoassemblies.

Probing the Role of Connecting Bonds and Modifying Chains in the Rational Design of Prodrug Nanoassemblies.

Prodrug-based self-assembled nanoparticles combined with the merits of nanotechnology and prodrugs strategies have gradually become a research trending topic in the field of drug delivery. These prodrugs usually consist of parent drugs, connecting bonds, and modifying chains. The influences of the connecting bonds and modifying chains on the pharmaceutical characteristics, delivery fate, and antitumor activity of prodrug nanoassemblies remain elusive.