Sequential Release HydroLipo System for STING Gene Epigenetic Reprogramming and Immune Activation in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a daunting oncological challenge because of its aggressive nature and resistance to conventional therapies. Inhibition of the intrinsic STING pathway in GBM hampers the effectiveness of immunotherapies. To overcome this clinical limitation, a Sequential Release HydroLipo System (SRHLS) is developed, in which hydrogels and nanoparticles are combined for controlled drug release.

BreCML: identifying breast cancer cell state in scRNA-seq via machine learning.

Breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. This disease typically manifests through the abnormal proliferation and dissemination of malignant cells within breast tissue. Current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies face significant challenges in accurately identifying and localizing specific subtypes of breast cancer.

Radiotherapy-Induced Astrocyte Senescence Promotes an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Glioblastoma to Facilitate Tumor Regrowth.

Accumulating evidence suggests that changes in the tumor microenvironment caused by radiotherapy are closely related to the recurrence of glioma. However, the mechanisms by which such radiation-induced changes are involved in tumor regrowth have not yet been fully investigated. In the present study, how cranial irradiation-induced senescence in non-neoplastic brain cells contributes to glioma progression is explored.

Induction chemotherapy reduces target volume drift in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing adaptive intensity-modulated radiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) provides real-time correction of the target and dose of radiation based on repeat computed tomography (CT) imaging and replanning during intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and is important for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, repeat CT imaging and replanning are time-consuming and hinder the broader application of ART. The optimum dose and frequency of replanning time have been published in previous reports.

A novel hydrogel orthotopic injection model in moderately hypofractionated radiation therapy for prostate cancer: Adaptive degradation and durable imaging.

Purpose: Moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT) holds an important position in prostate cancer management. Existing hydrogel spacers can protect the rectum from radiation damage, but need improvement. We explored the application of a novel hydrogel in MHRT with adaptive degradation and durable imaging functions.

Prognostic and Immunological Potential of Ribonucleotide Reductase Subunits in Liver Cancer.

Background: Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) consists of two subunits, the large subunit RRM1 and the small subunit (RRM2 or RRM2B), which is essential for DNA replication. Dysregulations of RR were implicated in multiple types of cancer. However, the abnormal expressions and biologic functions of RR subunits in liver cancer remain to be elucidated.

Prognostic Value of a CT Radiomics-Based Nomogram for the Overall Survival of Patients with Nonmetastatic BCLC Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigatie the feasibility of pretherapeutic CT radiomics-based nomograms to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with nondistant metastatic Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C (BCLC-C) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).

Methods: A retrospective review of 137 patients with nondistant metastatic BCLC-C HCC who underwent SBRT was made. Radiomics features distilled from pretherapeutic CT images were selected by the method of LASSO regression for radiomics signature construction.

Chlorogenic Acid, the Main Antioxidant in Coffee, Reduces Radiation-Induced Apoptosis and DNA Damage via NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Activation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Radiotherapy produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to DNA damage and apoptosis in tumor cells, thereby killing malignant cells. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a well-known antioxidant in coffee due to its strong ability to remove ROS. However, the effect of CGA on radiotherapeutic efficacy remains unclear.

Analysis of deep inspiration breath-hold technique to improve dosimetric and clinical advantages in postoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy for thymomas.

Background: Radiation therapy is one of the essential treatment modalities for invasive thymomas. Clinically, respiratory motion poses a challenge for the radiotherapy of thoracic tumors. One method to address this issue is to train patients to hold their breath at the end of deep inspiration.

Oncological outcomes of patients with salivary gland cancer treated with surgery and postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Salivary gland cancer (SGC) is relatively rare and constitutes a variety of histological subtypes. Previously published studies of SGC patients suggest that postoperative radiation using conventional radiotherapy (RT) or 3-dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy may have led to suboptimal oncological outcomes.

Methods: We identified 60 patients with major SGC treated with surgery followed by postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

An insertion variant of MGMT disrupts a STAT1 binding site and confers susceptibility to glioma.

Background: O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a pivotal enzyme for repairing DNA alkylation damage. Epigenetic modification of MGMT has been well known as a promising prognostic biomarker for glioma. However, the significance of genetic variations of MGMT in glioma carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated.

The methylation modification of m6A regulators contributes to the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulation is a common type of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) modification, and has been proven to contribute to the malignant behavior of tumors. However, the expression pattern and the prognostic role of m6A RNA methylation regulators in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear.

Methods: We downloaded the data of 422 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Identification of IFN-Induced Transmembrane Protein 1 With Prognostic Value in Pancreatic Cancer Using Network Module-Based Analysis.

Despite improvements reported in diagnosis and treatments in recent decades, pancreatic cancer is still characterized by poor prognosis and low survival rate among solid tumors. Intensive interests have grown in exploring novel predictive biomarkers, aiming to enhance the efficiency in early detection and treatment prognosis. In this study, we identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pancreatic cancer by analyzing five gene expression profiles and established the functional modules according to the functional interaction (FI) network between the DEGs.

Osalmid, a Novel Identified RRM2 Inhibitor, Enhances Radiosensitivity of Esophageal Cancer.

Purpose: Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignancy and is often resistant to currently available therapies. Inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase small subunit M2 (RRM2) in tumors is speculated to mediate chemosensitization. Previous studies have reported that Osalmid could act as an RRM2 inhibitor.

The Therapeutic Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Radiotherapy Effects on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Several studies have investigated strategies to improve the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the prognosis remains poor. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs), easily accessible and abundant in quantity, have represented as an attractive therapeutic tool for the stem cell-based treatment for cancer diseases. Through direct co-culture and indirect separate culture experiments, we showed that AT-MSCs could enhance inhibitory effect of RT on reducing HCC cell growth, migration and invasion in both and experiments.

Prophylactic cranial irradiation in small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The efficacy of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in treating patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been clear, and recent randomized studies have demonstrated conflicting results from previously published findings. The purpose of this study was to reevaluate the efficacy of PCI in patients with SCLC and to assess factors associated with its efficacy.

Methods: We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis to explore the efficacy of PCI in patients with SCLC.

An intronic genetic variation of affects enhancer activity and is associated with glioma susceptibility.

Purpose: O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) plays a crucial role in repairing damaged DNA caused by alkylating agents. A number of cancer susceptibility loci have been recognized as enhancer variants. This study aimed to explore the significance of enhancer variants of in glioma susceptibility.

Topics related to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

Metastases to the liver from colorectal cancer (CRC) are common, and only a minority of patients are candidates for upfront surgery at the initial diagnosis. Carefully selected patients can achieve long-term survival from surgery with curative intent. Unfortunately, the risk of recurrence remains substantial after liver resection.

Identification of expression quantitative trait loci of associated with the progression of glioma.

Mechanistic target of rapamycin () encodes a key modulator of cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that the dysregulation of is involved in the development and progression of several types of cancer, including glioma. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to examine whether the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) of are associated with the progression of glioma.

The prognostic value of pretreatment tumor apparent diffusion coefficient values in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) has increasingly contributed to the management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The objective of this paper was to explore the prognostic significance of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in 93 NPC patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 93 newly diagnosed NPC patients.

Identification of expression quantitative trait loci of RPTOR for susceptibility to glioma.

Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) have been recognized to be more likely to associate with complex diseases including cancer. As an essential scaffold for MTOR complex 1, RPTOR is necessary for the MTOR-catalyzed phosphorylation. This study examined the associations between the eQTLs of RPTOR and glioma susceptibility.

Association between the CYP2E1 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

The previous, published data on the association between CYP2E1 RsaI (rs2031920), DraI (rs6413432) polymorphisms and lung cancer risk remained controversial. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between lung cancer and CYP2E1 RsaI (5,074 cases and 6,828 controls from 34 studies), and CYP2E1 DraI (2,093 cases and 2,508 controls from 16 studies) in different inheritance models. Overall, significantly decreased lung cancer risk was observed (dominant model: odds ratio (OR) 0.