Macrolide-resistant prevalence and clinical aspects in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia in China: a prospective multicenter surveillance study.

Background: Drug resistant () is a rising issue in the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Epidemiological monitoring is essential for identifying resistant patterns of MP isolates against various antibiotics in adult CAP patients.

Methods: This is a prospectively designed multicenter study conducted on adult patients with CAP visiting six teaching hospitals in the cities of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou between September 2010 and June 2012.

Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults is an infectious disease with high morbidity in China and the rest of the world. With the changing pattern in the etiological profile of CAP and advances in medical techniques in diagnosis and treatment over time, Chinese Thoracic Society of Chinese Medical Association updated its CAP guideline in 2016 to address the standard management of CAP in Chinese adults. Extensive and comprehensive literature search was made to collect the data and evidence for experts to review and evaluate the level of evidence.

Healthcare-associated Pneumonia: Clinical Features and Retrospective Analysis Over 10 Years.

Background: Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) is associated with drug-resistant pathogens and high mortality, and there is no clear evidence that this is due to inappropriate antibiotic therapy. This study was to elucidate the clinical features, pathogens, therapy, and outcomes of HCAP, and to clarify the risk factors for drug-resistant pathogens and prognosis.

Methods: Retrospective observational study among hospitalized patients with HCAP over 10 years.

Laboratory to Clinical Investigation of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Outbreak in a General Hospital.

Background: The number of reported cases, infected with carbepenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter species had gradually increased in most PLA general hospital wards from April to June in 2007.

Objectives: We have described the investigation of an outbreak of CRAb and MDR Acinetobacter in PLA general hospital, Beijing. The prospective and retrospective findings were identified and analyzed to study the infection causes.

Immediate and long-term results of bronchial artery embolization for hemoptysis due to benign versus malignant pulmonary diseases.

Background: Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is widely used for the treatment of hemoptysis. The immediate and long-term results of BAE for hemoptysis in patients with benign and malignant pulmonary diseases were inconsistent in previous studies and were thus investigated.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of the clinical records of 154 patients (108 with benign disease and 46 with malignant disease) who received BAE for hemoptysis from January 2005 to June 2011 at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital.

[Assessment of prognostic and influencing factors in elderly patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome].

Objective: To preliminarily assess the prognosis of patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODSE) and analyze their influencing factors.

Methods: The clinical data of 365 MODSE patients admitted into Chinese PLA General Hospital during January 2009 to June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to 28-day outcomes, they were divided into 2 groups (28-day survival and non-survival) while 4 groups according to age.

[Adult hospital acquired pneumonia: a multicenter study on microbiology and clinical characteristics of patients from 9 Chinese cities].

Objective: To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in China and to provide evidence for appropriate therapy.

Methods: We performed a prospective multicenter study in 13 Chinese urban tertiary hospitals. All HAP cases diagnosed at respiratory general ward and respiratory intensive care unit (RICU) from August 2008 to December 2010 were studied.

[A clinical analysis of 7 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis].

Objective: To study the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA).

Methods: The clinical presentations, serologic results, chest radiology, pathological results and treatment of 7 patients with ABPA in Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: There were 4 males and 3 females, with a mean age of (33 ± 16) years.

Blastomycosis in China: a case report and literature review.

Blastomycosis is a fungal disease that is endemic in parts of North America. It is very rare in China and also commonly misdiagnosed, often as cancer or other infectious diseases. The clinical profile of a case of disseminated blastomycosis with pulmonary changes and skin ulcers was described.

A clinical study on the effects and mechanism of xuebijing injection in severe pneumonia patients.

Objective: To observe the effects of Xuebijing Injection in patients with severe pneumonia, and to explore the mechanism.

Methods: Eighty cases of severe pneumonia are randomly assigned to the Xuebijing treatment (forty cases) and the control group (forty cases), with the same routine therapy provided in both groups. Clinical effective rates, inflammatory factors and organ function were observed in both groups.

[A multicentre retrospective study of pulmonary mycosis clinically proven from 1998 to 2007].

Objective: To investigate the pathogens, clinical manifestations, prognosis of and the risk factors for pulmonary mycosis in China.

Methods: All cases of pulmonary mycosis from 16 centers in 10 cities from Jan. 1998 to Dec.

[Efficacies of ceftazidime and cefepime in rats with experimental pneumonia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumonia].

Objective: To investigate the in vivo activities of ceftazidime and cefepime with susceptibility in vitro in rats with experimental pneumonia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumonia.

Methods: With intratracheal instillation method, 3 Klebsiella pneumonia strains isolated from this hospital were used to produce 3 groups of experimental model of pneumonia in rats. All the 3 strains showed resistant to cefotaxime and susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam in vitro.

[Expression of high-level cephalosporinase due to mutation in the AmpC attenuator of a clinical Escherichia coli strain].

Objective: To study the resistant phenotype of a clinical strain of Escherichia coli and to explore the effect of its attenuator mutation on AmpC expression.

Methods: A clinical strain of Escherichia coli 20022 (ECO20022) resistant to cefoxitin was isolated clinically. The phenotype was examined by three-dimensional methods, isoelectric focusing (IEF), and microdilution method.

[DHA-1 type cephalosporinase accompanied with SHV-12 prevailed in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae].

Objective: To study the prevalence, phenotype and genotype of the AmpC and ESBLs-producing clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Methods: The clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were examined by standard disk diffusion susceptibility tests, three-dimensional methods, isoelectric focusing (IEF) and microdilution methods. The conjugation experiment, multiplex PCR and DNA sequencing methods were used for further analysis.

[A new member of CMY type cephalosporinase prevailing in Escherichia coli].

Objective: To study the resistant phenotype and molecular biology character of plasmid mediated high AmpC-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and to find new AmpC genotype.

Methods: The cefoxitin highly resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli were studied by K-B method, three-dimensional method, Isoelectric Focusing (IEF) and the MIC of these strains were examined by micro-dilution method. The conjugation experiment, multiplex PCR and DNA sequencing methods were used in further study.