[Mechanism by which mycobacterial antigen 85B inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis in Hodgkin lymphoma cells].

Objectives: To investigate the mechanism by which mycobacterial antigen 85B (Ag85B) inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) cells.

Methods: The clinical data and pathological tissue slides were retrospectively collected from 80 HL children and 30 children with reactive lymphadenopathy (control group) treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to assess the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), sequestosome 1 (P62/SQSTM1), and Beclin-1 in the pathological tissues of HL and control groups.

The antiarrhythmic effect and possible ionic mechanisms of pilocarpine on animal models.

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of pilocarpine and explore the underlying ionic mechanism, using both aconitine-induced rat and ouabain-induced guinea pig arrhythmia models. Confocal microscopy was used to measure intracellular free-calcium concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) in isolated myocytes. The current data showed that pilocarpine significantly delayed onset of arrhythmias, decreased the time course of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, reduced arrhythmia score, and increased the survival time of arrhythmic rats and guinea pigs.

Choline produces antiarrhythmic actions in animal models by cardiac M3 receptors: improvement of intracellular Ca2+ handling as a common mechanism.

It is well known that choline has protective effects on ischemic arrhythmias. We designed the present study to evaluate the antiarrhythmic effects of choline and to detect its related mechanisms in aconitine-induced rat and ouabain-induced guinea pig models of arrhythmia. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and patch-clamp technique were utilized to study the action of choline on intracellular calcium concentration and L-type calcium current (ICa-L) of cardiac myocytes.