Synergistic effects of oleanolic acid and curcumin nanoparticles in gastric ulcer prevention.

Gastric ulcers (GC) are prevalent gastrointestinal disorders with complex etiologies, including Helicobacter pylori infection and prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Curcumin (CUR), with its established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, is limited in clinical application due to poor bioavailability. This study developed oleanolic acid-coated CUR nanoparticles (OC NPs) to enhance the efficacy of CUR in GC prevention.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling activation in alveolar type II cells enhances lung development in neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia.

Background: Many studies have reported the important role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in regulating glucose homeostasis. However, in addition to the pancreas, GLP-1R is distributed in organs such as the lungs. A few researches have reported the mechanism of action of GLP-1R in acute and chronic lung diseases.

Development of a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Based Superhydrophobic Surface with Abrasion Resistance, Corrosion Protection, and Anti-icing.

Herein, a superhydrophobic surface was designed and fabricated based on the "lotus effect" construction mechanism. The zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-90) micro-nanoparticles were initially synthesized via a one-pot method, combined with long-chain stearic acid (STA), and subsequently embedded in polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form a superhydrophobic surface at room temperature. The superhydrophobic surface demonstrated mechanical stability and retained its superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (CA) greater than 150°, even at a wear distance of 400 cm.

Integrated multi-biomarker panel of CXCL13, HS-CRP, and WBC counts predicts outcomes in stroke neurosyphilis patients treated with HBO and TUS-NMES.

Background: Neurosyphilis results from invading the central nervous system, leading to severe neurological issues like stroke. Combining hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy and transcranial ultrasound neuromuscular stimulation (TUS-NMES) shows promise in improving outcomes.

Objective: This study evaluates the predictive value and clinical significance of CXCL13, WBC, and Hs-CRP levels in neurosyphilis patients undergoing HBO and TUS-NMES therapy.

Alleviation of salt stress in strawberries by hydrogen-rich water: Physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic responses.

The increasing impacts of climate change and intensified human activities exacerbate soil salinization, posing significant challenges to agricultural productivity. Therefore, addressing salt stress in crops is a critical area of research. In this study, strawberry seedlings (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.

Chromosomal inversion at the DG1 promoter drives double-grain spikelets and enhances grain yield in sorghum.

The phenomenon of multiple-grain spikelets is frequently observed in gramineous crops. In the case of dual-floret spikelets, the upper fertile floret develops normally to form a single grain, while the lower sterile floret undergoes abortion. Here we elucidate the role of Double-Grain 1 (DG1), a gene encoding a homeobox-domain-containing protein, in regulating the lower floret meristem activity and double-grain spikelet trait in sorghum.

P21-Activated Kinase 2 as a Novel Target for Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Associated with Cardiac Adrenergic Stress and Hypertrophy.

Ventricular arrhythmias associated with cardiac adrenergic stress and hypertrophy pose a significant clinical challenge. We explored ventricular anti-arrhythmic effects of P21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2), comparing in vivo and ex vivo cardiomyocyte-specific Pak2 knockout (Pak2) or overexpression (Pak2) murine models, under conditions of acute adrenergic stress, and hypertrophy following chronic transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Pak2 was downregulated 5 weeks following the latter TAC challenge.

Cultivation methods and biology of Lentinula edodes.

In this study, the biological applications of cultivation methods related to cultivar selection, vegetative growth, and reproductive development in Lentinula edodes cultivation are briefly reviewed to clarify the current situation and inform future developments. The current cultivars widely used in the main production areas are derived from wild strains distributed in northern Asia. The most effective techniques for cultivar identification are molecular markers identified in two nuclear genome datasets and one mitochondrial genome dataset.

Linear attention based spatiotemporal multi graph GCN for traffic flow prediction.

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) have become pivotal in urban traffic management by utilizing traffic flow prediction, which aids in alleviating congestion and facilitating route planning. This study introduces the Linear Attention Based Spatial-Temporal Multi-Graph Convolutional Neural Network (LASTGCN), a novel deep learning model tailored for traffic flow prediction. LASTGCN incorporates a Multifactor Fusion Unit (MFF-unit) to dynamically integrate meteorological factors, an advanced multi-graph convolutional network for spatial correlations, and the Receptance Weighted Key Value (RWKV) block, which employs a linear attention mechanism for efficient processing of historical traffic data.

β-elemene: A promising natural compound in lung cancer therapy.

Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, presents complex challenges in treatment and disease management. This review explores β-elemene, a sesquiterpene from Curcuma wenyujin, emphasising its pharmacological effects and therapeutic mechanisms in lung cancer. Focusing on its roles in modulating cellular pathways, this study details β-elemene's influence on apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, hypoxic responses, metabolic shifts, and cell cycle arrest, as well as its impact on the tumour microenvironment and regulatory pathways (including PI3K/AKT, STAT3, AMPK/MAPK) and non-coding RNAs.

A comprehensive omics resource and genetic tools for functional genomics research and genetic improvement of sorghum.

Sorghum, the fifth most important food crop globally, serves not only as a source of silage forage, fiber, syrup, and biofuel, but also is widely recognized as an ideal model crop for studying stress biology due to its exceptional ability to tolerate multiple abiotic stresses, including high salt-alkali conditions, drought, and heat. However, conducting functional genomics studies on sorghum has been challenging, primarily due to the limited availability of genetic resources and effective genetic transformation techniques. In this study, we developed a comprehensive and systematic resource platform (https://sorghum.

Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Preventing Postpartum Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant Individuals With Depression: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial in China.

Background: Women are particularly vulnerable to depression during pregnancy, which is one of the strongest risk factors for developing postpartum depression (PPD). Addressing antenatal depressive symptoms in these women is crucial for preventing PPD. However, little is known about the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) in preventing PPD in this high-risk group.

Broad Learning System Based on Fractional Feature Optimization.

Broad learning system (BLS) have demonstrated excellent performance in terms of both speed and accuracy in tasks such as image classification. In BLS, the feature nodes predominantly utilize linear features, and sparse representation is mainly employed in the feature optimization component. The robustness of these features to different data needs to be improved.

Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Exfoliation Glaucoma Via Mass Spectrometry Reveals SVEP1 as a Potential Biomarker.

Purpose: This study investigated the proteomic landscape of exfoliation glaucoma to find potential biomarkers.

Methods: The study enrolled 34 patients diagnosed with either exfoliation syndrome with/without glaucoma or age-related cataract. Plasma proteins were analyzed through mass spectrometry and Mendelian randomization (MR) based on data from deCODE, FinnGen, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC), eQTLGen, and UK Biobank (UKB) cohorts to infer relationships.

A Comprehensive Review of Anode Materials in Rechargeable Calcium-Ion Batteries.

Recently, rechargeable calcium-ion batteries (CIB) have been investigated extensively due to their safety, environmental friendliness, abundant storage capacity, low cost, and their energy density and power density characteristics. This paper presents a systematic review of recent research advancements in anode materials, including alloys, organic materials, carbon-based materials, and transition metal oxide. First, the basic properties of CIBs and the challenges associated with anode materials are described.

A human-infecting H10N5 avian influenza virus: clinical features, virus reassortment, receptor-binding affinity, and possible transmission routes.

Background: In late 2023, the first human case caused by an H10N5 avian influenza virus (AIV) was diagnosed in China. H10Ny AIVs have been identified in various poultry and wild birds in Eurasia, the Americas, and Oceania.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical data of the H10N5 AIV-infected patient, isolated the virus, and evaluated the virus receptor-binding properties together with the H10N8 and H10N3 AIVs identified in humans and poultry.

Evaluating the role of nursing interventions in enhanced recovery after surgery for minimally invasive spine surgery: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have revolutionized postoperative care, particularly in minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). This study aims to evaluate the role of nursing interventions in improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs within this framework.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated 150 patients undergoing MISS at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to December 2021.

CoP-NiMoN/NF Heterostructure Nanorod Arrays as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Urea Electrolysis.

Electrolysis of water represents an effective method for the generation of high-purity hydrogen. Nevertheless, the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) exhibits slow kinetics, which leads to a high electrolytic potential and induces excessive energy consumption. In this work, nickel foam-supported 3D phosphide/bimetal nitride (CoP-NiMoN/NF) nanorod array catalyst is prepared by calcination of NiMoO, followed by phosphatization of Co(OH).

The Novel HLA-A*31:01:58 Allele, Identified by Sanger Dideoxy Nucleotide Sequencing in a Chinese Individual.

The HLA-A*31:01:58 allele differs from HLA-A*31:01:02:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 130 in exon 3.

DSCA: A Digital Subtraction Angiography Sequence Dataset and Spatio-Temporal Model for Cerebral Artery Segmentation.

Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of global disability and mortality. Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) sequences, recognized as the gold standard for diagnosing CVDs, can clearly visualize the dynamic flow and reveal pathological conditions within the cerebrovasculature. Therefore, precise segmentation of cerebral arteries (CAs) and classification between their main trunks and branches are crucial for physicians to accurately quantify diseases.

Adaptive Event-Triggered Control Combined With High-Order Backstepping for Pure Feedback Nonlinear Systems.

The adaptive event-triggered control problem for a class of uncertain high-order pure feedback nonlinear systems (HOPFNSs) is considered. Different from the traditional backstepping method, a new high-order backstepping method is proposed based on the high-order fully actuated (HOFA) system approaches to design the adaptive event-triggered control law, which has the significant advantages of simple structure, high degree of freedom, and easy to realize. The high-order backstepping method does not need to transform the HOPFNSs into the first-order systems, which is more efficient and significantly reduces design complexity.

Class-Consistent Matching Attention Wavelet Networks for Partial Transfer Intelligent Diagnosis.

In the case of label space alignment, the existing domain adaptation (DA)-based fault diagnosis approaches have achieved high accuracy. In real industrial scenarios, however, the label space of the target domain is usually a subset of the label space of the source domain, called partial DA (PDA). The main challenge of PDA lies in how to separate common samples from private samples.

RSAPower: Random Style Augmentation Driven Structure Perception Network for Generalized Retinal OCT Fluid Segmentation.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging is extensively utilized for non-invasive observation of pathological conditions, such as retinal fluid-associated diseases. Accurate fluid segmentation in OCT images is therefore critical for quantifying disease severity and aiding clinical decision-making. However, achieving precise segmentation remains challenging due to pathological variations in shape and size, uncertain boundaries, and low contrast of fluid.

Exosome tropism and various pathways in lung cancer metastasis.

Lung cancer, characterized by its high morbidity and mortality rates, has the capability to metastasize to various organs, thereby amplifying its detrimental impact and fatality. The metastasis of lung cancer is a complex biological phenomenon involving numerous physiological transformations. Exosomes, small membranous vesicles enriched with biologically active components, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication and regulating physiological functions due to their specificity and stability.