Cryopreservation Protocols and the Associated Ultrastructural Changes in Dormant Buds of .

There is an urgent need for the cryopreservation of dormant buds to conserve the genetic resources of woody plants, particularly fruit trees, as this method is less time-consuming and relatively inexpensive. In the present study, three different cryopreservation protocols were tested on dormant buds from three varieties of Rupr. The explants were collected between November 2017 and March 2018.

Folic Acid Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Postpartum Weight Retention in Rats, Which Is Associated with a Reduction in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Hepatic Lipogenesis.

Background: Proactively preventing postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is one of the effective intervention strategies to reduce the occurrence of obesity in women. Population studies have shown that serum folate levels are closely related to body weight. The regulation of folic acid on lipid metabolism has been fully confirmed in both in vivo and in vitro studies.

Unravelling the Mechanical and Superconducting Properties in Borophene with Multicentered Bonds.

The multicentered bonds present in planar borophene lead to a more complex structure and richer chemical properties. Herein, we use first-principles calculations to investigate the electronic, mechanical, and superconducting properties of various borophene polymorphs, focusing on the newly synthesized β and β phases. Notably, in order to balance and optimize the electron filling of the valence bond orbitals, the planar borophene structure is composed of a mixture of triangular lattices and hexagonal holes with multicentered bonding, which further enhances the stability of the structure and possesses a rare polymorphic property.

Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome.

Background: Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) was initially reported by De Vivo and colleagues in 1991. This disease arises from mutations in the SLC2A1 and presents with a broad clinical spectrum. It is a treatable neuro-metabolic condition, where prompt diagnosis and initiation of ketogenic dietary therapy can markedly enhance the prognosis.

[Research progress in the adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater by modified biochar].

The rapid development of modern industries is accompanied with the aggravating water heavy metal pollution, which poses a potential threat to the aquatic environment and the health of local populations. As an efficient and economical adsorbent, biochar demonstrates the adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions and its adsorption capacity is significantly enhanced after modification. Therefore, biochar can effectively mitigate environmental pollution.

Adaptive fusion of dual-view for grading prostate cancer.

Accurate preoperative grading of prostate cancer is crucial for assisted diagnosis. Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used non-invasive approach, however, the interpretation of MRI images is still subject to significant subjectivity due to variations in physicians' expertise and experience. To achieve accurate, non-invasive, and efficient grading of prostate cancer, this paper proposes a deep learning method that adaptively fuses dual-view MRI images.

The performance of JAM3/PAX1 methylation in the diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions for women with high-risk HPV infection.

Objective: To assess the clinical value of DNA methylation measurement in exfoliated cervical cells for distinguishing high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) from other cervical abnormalities.

Methods: A total of 276 patients were enrolled, and general clinical information was collected. Exfoliated cervical cells were obtained to assess human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, conduct ThinPrep cytology tests (TCT), and measure methylation levels of JAM3 (△CtJ) and PAX1 (△CtP).

Effective xylan integration for remodeling biochar uniformity and porosity to enhance chemical elimination and CO adsorption.

Although plant evolution has offered diverse biomass resources, the production of high-quality biochar from desirable lignocelluloses remains unexplored. In this study, distinct lignocellulose substrates derived from eight representative plant species were employed to prepare biochar samples under three different temperature treatments. Correlation analysis showed that only hemicellulose was a consistently positive factor of lignocellulose substrates to account for the dye-adsorption capacities of diverse biochar samples.

Two critical detoxification enzyme genes, NlCYP301B1 and NlGSTm2 confer pymetrozine resistance in the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål.

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål, is a notorious pest that infests rice across Asia. The rapid evolution of chemical pesticide resistance in BPH poses an ongoing threat to agriculture and human health. Currently, pymetrozine has emerged as a viable alternative to imidacloprid for managing N.

Reprint of: Does two-step infusion improve the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics target attainment of meropenem in critically Ill patients?

The optimal method for administering meropenem remains controversial. This study was conducted to explore the optimal two-step infusion strategy (TIT), and to investigate whether TIT is superior to intermittent infusion therapy (IIT) and prolonged infusion therapy (PIT). A physiologically based pharmacokinetics model for critically ill patients was established and evaluated.

Expression of ALG8 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Background: Alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase (ALG8), a key enzyme in protein glycosylation, is implicated in the oncogenesis and progression of several human malignancies. This study aimed to define the role of ALG8 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and uncover its mechanisms of action.

Methods: ALG8 expression in HCC and normal tissues was analyzed using the TCGA and GEO databases, validated by RT-qPCR and western blot.

Antibiotics-Free Steady Bioproduction of Valuable Chemicals from Organic Wastes by Engineered through Targeted Gene Integration.

Bioproduction of chemicals by using engineered bacteria is promising for a circular economy but challenged the instability of the introduced plasmid by conventional methods. Here, we developed a two-plasmid INTEGRET system to reliably integrate the targeted gene into the genome, making it a powerful strain for efficient and steady bioproduction without requiring antibiotic addition. The INTEGRET system allows for gene insertion at over 75% inserting efficiency and flexibly controllable gene dosages.

Nicotinamide Riboside Ameliorates Fructose-Induced Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Mice by Activating Browning of WAT, and May Be Also Related to the Regulation of Gut Microbiota.

Objectives: This study aims to observe the preventive effect of nicotinamide riboside (NR) on fructose-induced lipid metabolism disorders and explore its mechanism.

Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a 20% fructose solution and given 400 mg/kg NR daily by gavage for 10 weeks.

Results: The results indicated that NR supplementation significantly reduced the body weight, liver weight, white adipose tissue (WAT) weight, serum, and hepatic lipid levels.

Tumor stage-driven disruption of NK cell maturation in human and murine tumors.

Natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role against cancer, both by direct killing of malignant cells and by promoting adaptive immune response though cytokine and chemokine secretion. In the lung tumor microenvironment (TME), NK cells are scarce and dysfunctional. By conducting single-cell transcriptomic analysis of lung tumors, and exploring pseudotime, we uncovered that the intratumoral maturation trajectory of NK cells is disrupted in a tumor stage-dependent manner, ultimately resulting in the selective exclusion of the cytotoxic subset.

Nonobese young females with PCOS are at high risk for long-term cardiovascular disease.

Aims: Whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an independent risk factor for long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear, and the risk of CVD in easily overlooked young nonobese PCOS patients is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations of PCOS with CVD and identify the management priorities.

Methods And Results: 3864 participants (645 with PCOS) from UK Biobank were recruited from 2006-2010.

Exploration the effective components of Gastrodia elata in improving cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury based on "Spectrum-effect" correlation and zebrafish verification experiment.

Background: Gastrodia elata (GE) has been widely used in clinical practice for many years with the functions of relieving stroke, suppressing liver Yang, dispelling wind and clearing collaterals. Our group's previous experimental studies have proved that GE has therapeutic effect on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) (Ding et al., 2022).

Genome-wide pan-GPCR cell libraries accelerate drug discovery.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are pivotal in mediating diverse physiological and pathological processes, rendering them promising targets for drug discovery. GPCRs account for about 40% of FDA-approved drugs, representing the most successful drug targets. However, only approximately 15% of the 800 human GPCRs are targeted by market drugs, leaving numerous opportunities for drug discovery among the remaining receptors.

Electroactivated SERS Nanoplatform for Rapid and Sensitive Detection and Identification of Tumor-Derived Exosome miRNA.

Exosomal miRNA expression derived from tumor cells provides a valuable and promising noninvasive modality for the early diagnosis and assessment of the efficacy of cancer treatment. However, accurate detection and identification of miRNA within exosomes have been challenging due to its low abundance and the complexity and tedious extraction with large sample volumes in the separation process. Here, we developed an electrically activated nanoplatform for rapid and sensitive detection and identification of exosome miRNA, through triggering miRNA release by opening exosomes that were captured on the electrode surface using a slightly applied electric field (50 mV), and simultaneously detected them with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in situ.

Survival Improvement of Stage IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in the Immunotherapy Era: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a US Population.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) greatly improved outcomes of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in randomized clinical trials. Limited data exists regarding the survival improvement of ICI use at the population level.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with pathologically confirmed stage IV NSCLC diagnosed in 2013 and 2017 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Understanding the Relationship of Closed Pore Structure in Biomass- derived Hard Carbon with Cellulose Regulating Strategy.

Recycling waste biomass to pyrolytic carbon has become a development direction of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) anodes. However, it remains a challenge to precisely control the composition and structure of biomass to modify the properties of derived carbon. Herein, a strategy of hydrolyzing cellulose in phellem with sulfuric acid is proposed, which can promote cellulose fracture, reduce the graphitization and increase the content of closed pores in hard carbon.

All-fiber tunable mode converter for a mini-two-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

In this Letter, an all-fiber tunable mode converter for a mini-two-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MTA-MZI) is proposed and realized for the first time to our knowledge. Employing an electric arc discharge technology, we couple a multi-mode fiber (MMF) and a single-mode fiber (SMF), resulting in an MZI characterized by centimeter-scale arms. The varied sensitivity of fiber modes to curvature makes the high-order modes of the MMF more prone to leakage when subjected to bending, leading to alterations in the output interference fringe pattern of the MZI.