Changes in lung function during exercise are independently mediated by increases in deep body temperature.

Background: This study examined whether an increase in deep body temperature contributes to increases in ventilatory flow indicative of bronchodilatation.

Method: The study employed a within-participant repeated measures design. Nine participants (mean (SD): age 22 (3) years; height 177.

Shock-absorbing insoles reduce the incidence of lower limb overuse injuries sustained during Royal Marine training.

This study was undertaken to determine whether the incidence of lower limb overuse injuries (LLOIs) sustained during Royal Marine training could be reduced by issuing the recruits with shock-absorbing insoles (SAIs) to wear in their military boots. This was a retrospective longitudinal trial conducted in two phases. Injury data from 1,416 recruits issued with standard Saran insoles and 1,338 recruits issued with SAI were compared.

ECG during helicopter underwater escape training.

Introduction: Coincidental stimulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system can cause "autonomic conflict" and consequent cardiac arrhythmias. The present study tested the hypotheses that: 1) cardiac arrhythmias would be seen in those undertaking helicopter underwater escape training (HUET); 2) the occurrence of arrhythmias in individuals could be predicted; and 3) the heart rate response to HUET would habituate with repeated runs.

Methods: There were 26 male volunteers who each undertook 5 HUET submersions into water at 29.