Two New Steroidal Saponins with Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects from the Aerial Parts of Markgr.

Markgr., a member of the Gnetaceae family, is distributed in Vietnam. This plant remains a botanical enigma with an unexplored diversity of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects.

Inhibitory nitric oxide production and cytotoxic activities of phenolic compounds from Markgr.

One new compound, styrene dimer-type listeanol-4---ʟ-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)--ᴅ-glucopyranoside (), and four known compounds namely listeanol (), isorhapotigenin (), genetifolin E (), gnetifolin K () were isolated from the methanolic extract from the aerial part of the Markgr. in Viet Nam. Their chemical structures were determined by modern spectroscopic methods (NMR and HR-ESI-MS) and comparison with those of published data.

Stigmastane-type steroid saponins from the leaves of and their -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities.

Two new vernonioside K () and vernonioside L () and four known Δ stigmastane-type steroidal saponins-vernonioside B2 (), vernoniacum B (), vernonioside B1 (), and vernoamyoside A ()-were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis with one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. All isolated compounds (-) were evaluated to determine their inhibitory effects on -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase.