Interpretable AI-assisted clinical decision making (CDM) for dose prescription in radiosurgery of brain metastases.

Purpose: AI modeling physicians' clinical decision-making (CDM) can improve the efficiency and accuracy of clinical practice or serve as a surrogate to provide initial consultations to patients seeking secondary opinions. In this study, we developed an interpretable AI model that predicts dose fractionation for patients receiving radiation therapy for brain metastases with an interpretation of its decision-making process.

Materials/methods: 152 patients with brain metastases treated by radiosurgery from 2017 to 2021 were obtained.

AI-assisted clinical decision making (CDM) for dose prescription in radiosurgery of brain metastases using three-path three-dimensional CNN.

Purpose: AI modeling physicians' clinical decision-making (CDM) can improve the efficiency and accuracy of clinical practice or serve as a surrogate to provide initial consultations to patients seeking secondary opinions. In this study, we developed an AI network to model radiotherapy CDM and used dose prescription as an example to demonstrate its feasibility.

Materials/methods: 152 patients with brain metastases treated by radiosurgery from 2017 to 2021 were included.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for superior vena cava syndrome.

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is characterized by a spectrum of clinical findings that result from the occlusion of the superior vena cava (SVC), usually caused by extracaval compression of the SVC by either a bronchogenic tumor or an enlarged mediastinal lymph node. Most efforts at treatment for SVCS are palliative, and long-term survival for malignancy-related SVCS is very low. Therefore, radiotherapy treatment is usually delivered with palliative intent utilizing hypofractionated regimens.

A taxonomy and economic consequences of nursing home falls.

Background: Falls are a primary cause of injury and disability in the nursing home environment and can be costly to treat. We propose a taxonomy of nursing home falls that accounts for both the severity of fall consequences and the duration of the treatment episode. No other systematic approach of this kind has been previously described.

Cost savings from intravenous immunoglobulin manufactured from chromotography/caprylate (IGIV-C) in persons with primary humoral immunodeficiency disorder.

Objective: Human intravenous immunoglobulin manufactured with chromatography and caprylate methods (IGIV-C, 10%) was associated with a reduction in validated infections (pneumonia and sinusitis) compared with treatment with a licensed immunoglobulin product manufactured using standard solvent-detergent methods (IGIV-SD, 10%) in participants with primary humoral immunodeficiency disorder (PIDD). Our objective was to determine the cost-consequences of using IGIV-C instead of IGIV-SD.

Methods: Economic analysis of a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was used.