Acute Aortic Dissection: Observational Lessons Learned From 11 000 Patients.

Background: Over the past 25 years, diagnosis and therapy for acute aortic dissection (AAD) have evolved. We aimed to study the effects of these iterative changes in care.

Methods: Patients with nontraumatic AAD enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (61 centers; 15 countries) were divided into time-based tertiles (groups) from 1996 to 2022.

Mitral Regurgitation Severity Assessment after Transcutaneous Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair: Recommended Integration versus Volumetric Assessment Guidelines.

This article aims to evaluate the accuracy of the color-Doppler-based technique to evaluate residual mitral regurgitation post TEER. The evaluation of residual mitral regurgitation (MR) post-mitral transcutaneous edge-to-edge repair (mitral TEER) is a critical determinant in patients' outcomes. The common methods used today, based on the integration of color flow Doppler parameters, may be misleading because of the multiple jets and high velocities created by the TEER devices.

Artificial intelligence modelling to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease in oncology patients.

Aims: There are no comprehensive machine learning (ML) tools used by oncologists to assist with risk identification and referrals to cardio-oncology. This study applies ML algorithms to identify oncology patients at risk for cardiovascular disease for referrals to cardio-oncology and to generate risk scores to support quality of care.

Methods And Results: De-identified patient data were obtained from Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

Twenty-five years of observations from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) and its impact on the cardiovascular scientific community.

Objective: The International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) celebrated its 25th anniversary in January 2021. This study evaluated IRAD's role in promoting the understanding and management of acute aortic dissection (AD) over these years.

Methods: IRAD studies were identified, analyzed, and ranked according to their citations per year (c/y) to determine the most-cited IRAD studies and topics.

Novel Association of the NOTCH Pathway Regulator MIB1 Gene With the Development of Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Importance: Nonsyndromic bicuspid aortic valve (nsBAV) is the most common congenital heart valve malformation. BAV has a heritable component, yet only a few causative genes have been identified; understanding BAV genetics is a key point in developing personalized medicine.

Objective: To identify a new gene for nsBAV.

Mitral valve prolapse: From new mechanisms to diagnostic challenges.

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common primary valvular abnormality, associated with various degrees of incompetent function and sequelae, including heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Recent improvements in echocardiographic techniques and new insights into mitral valve anatomy and physiology have rendered the diagnosis of this condition more accurate and reliable. Here we review the genetic etiology, clinical significance, diagnosis, and treatment options for MVP patients.

Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair in Cancer Patients with Heart Failure and Severe Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Cancer patients with heart failure (HF) and severe mitral regurgitation (MR) are often considered to be at risk for surgical mitral valve repair/replacement. Severe MR inducing symptomatic HF may prevent delivery of potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy and complicate fluid management with other cancer treatments.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) in oncology patients with HF and significant MR.

The Diagnosis and Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Cardiovascular Toxicity: Myocarditis and Beyond.

Recent years have brought major advancements in the use of immune therapy and specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients, with expanding indications for various malignancies resulting in the treatment of a large and increasing number of patients. While this therapy significantly improves outcomes in a variety of hematologic and solid tumors, the use of ICIs is associated with a substantial risk of immune-related adverse events. Cardiovascular toxicity, while not the most common side effect of ICIs, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Pleural effusion: a potential surrogate marker for higher-risk patients with acute type B aortic dissections.

Objectives: Pleural effusions (PEffs) are known to occur in type B acute aortic dissection (TBAAD). We investigated the relationship between pleural effusion and the development of early or late complications following TBAAD.

Methods: The incidence of PEff (defined as at least an obliteration of the costophrenic angle in a frontal projection) diagnosed on their initial chest X-ray in patients with TBAAD enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection was examined.

Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Genetic and Clinical Insights.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common valvular congenital heart disease, with a prevalence of 0.5 to 2% in the general population. Patients with BAV are at risk for developing cardiovascular complications, some of which are life-threatening.

Is Bicuspid Aortic Valve Morphology Genetically Determined? A Family-Based Study.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital heart disease, with a 10-fold higher prevalence in first-degree relatives. BAV has different phenotypes based on the morphology of cusp fusion. These phenotypes are associated with different clinical courses and prognoses.

The Role Played by Transcription Factor E3 in Modulating Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Transcription factor E3 (TFE3), which is a key regulator of cellular adaptation, is expressed in most tissues, including the heart, and is reportedly overexpressed during cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, TFE3's role in cardiac hypertrophy was investigated. To understand TFE3's physiological importance in cardiac hypertrophy, pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy was induced through transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in both wild-type (WT) and TFE3 knockout mice (TFE3).

Cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for first-degree relatives of patients with bicuspid aortic valve.

Aims: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the commonest congenital heart valve malformation, and is associated with life-threatening complications. Given the high heritability index of BAV, many experts recommend echocardiography screening for first-degree relatives (FDRs) of an index case. Here, we aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of such cascade screening for BAV.

The Role of Speckle Strain Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Early Subclinical Cardiac Injury in Cancer Patients-Is There More Than Just Left Ventricle Global Longitudinal Strain?

With the improvement in survival rate, cardiotoxicity has emerged as a significant adverse effect of cancer therapy. Early diagnosis of subclinical cardiac injury may allow the initiation of cardioprotective therapy and preventing the interruption of optimal cancer therapy and the development of irreversible cardiac dysfunction. In this article, we review the role of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE), beyond the common left ventricle global longitudinal strain in the diagnosis of early subclinical cardiac injury in patients treated with cancer therapies.

Update in carcinoid heart disease - the heart of the matter.

Carcinoid heart disease (CHD) is a paraneoplastic cardiac manifestation occurring in patients with carcinoid syndrome (CS) and advanced neuroendocrine malignancy. In about 20-40% of patients with CS, chronic exposure to tumor-released circulating vasoactive peptides typically results in right-sided valvular fibrosis leading to valve dysfunction and right heart failure. CHD remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.

Predictors for permanent pacemaker implantation following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: trends over the past decade.

Purpose: This study sought to identify risk factors for permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) after Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and explain their trends over the last decade. TAVI is performed nowadays for severe aortic stenosis in more patients with lower surgical risk. While most TAVI complications have been reduced, PPMI remains common.

Clinical Features and Outcomes of Pregnancy-Related Acute Aortic Dissection.

Importance: Women with aortopathy conditions are at risk for pregnancy-related aortic dissection, and these conditions may not be recognized until after the aortic dissection occurs.

Objective: To examine the clinical characteristics, imaging features, and outcomes in women with pregnancy-related acute aortic dissection.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cohort study, comprising data from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) (February 1, 1998, to February 28, 2018).