Reference Ranges for All: Implementing Reference Ranges for Transgender and Nonbinary Patients.

Objectives:  This study aimed to highlight the necessity of developing and implementing appropriate reference ranges for transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) patient populations to minimize misinterpretation of laboratory results and ensure equitable health care.

Case Report:  We describe a situation where a TGNB patient's abnormal laboratory values were not flagged due to undefined reference ranges for gender "X" in the Laboratory Information System (LIS). Implementation of additional reference ranges mapped to sex label "X" showed significant improvement in flagging abnormal lab results, utilizing sex-invariant reporting as an interim solution while monitoring developments on TGNB-specific reference ranges.

The TabNet Model for Diagnosing Axial Spondyloarthritis Using MRI Imaging Findings and Clinical Risk Factors.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop and validate a model for predicting axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) based on sacroiliac joint (SIJ)-MRI imaging findings and clinical risk factors.

Methods: The study is implemented on the data of 942 patients which contains of 707 patients with axSpA and 235 patients with non-axSpA. To begin with, the patients were split into training (n = 753) and validation (n = 189) cohorts.

Interfering Nuclear Protein Laminb1 Induces DNA Damage and Reduces Vemurafenib Resistance in Melanoma Cells In Vitro.

Background/objectives: Drug resistance poses a substantial clinical challenge in melanoma treatment, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report the novel role of laminB1, a nuclear structure protein, in regulating the response of BRAF-mutated melanoma cells to vemurafenib.

Results: Our analysis of clinical samples and existing databases highlights the tight correlation between the laminB1 expression level and melanoma progression and prognosis.

The various associations between whole /regional fat mass and trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: a nonlinear multistate model.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of whole body/regional fat mass (FM) with cardiometabolic disease (CMD) trajectory.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis using the UK Biobank. The FM index (FMI), a surrogate for whole body FM, and regional FM (i.

Nutrient-driven histone code determines exhausted CD8 T cell fates.

Exhausted T cells (TEX) in cancer and chronic viral infections undergo metabolic and epigenetic remodeling, impairing their protective capabilities. However, the impact of nutrient metabolism on epigenetic modifications that control TEX differentiation remains unclear. We showed that TEX cells shifted from acetate to citrate metabolism by downregulating acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) while maintaining ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) activity.

5-Hydroxytryptophan artificial synaptic vesicles across the blood-brain barrier for the rapid-acting treatment of depressive disorder.

Conventional antidepressants are slow to work and have serious side effects and poor response rates. As a precursor to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) can be safely increased in concentration and rapidly metabolized into 5-HT in the brain, but the effectiveness of 5-HTP is severely limited due to its short half-life and lack of targeting. To traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and achieve effective targeting, we designed a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive artificial synaptic vesicles functionalized with an aptamer and loaded with 5-HTP and IR780.

Preparation of composite film based on corn starch and soybean fiber composites blended in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.

Background: To overcome the deficiency of pure starch in film-forming performance, ionic liquids (ILs) have been introduced when preparing a homogeneous blend of starch and fiber. It is essential to select the appropriate ratio of starch to fiber and evaluate the film-forming property of the resulted composites. In the present study, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) was used to prepare composites of soybean fiber (SF) and corn starch (CS) at various ratios.

Ethanol marshall bundle elimination, pulmonary vein isolation, and linear ablation for atrial fibrillation with or without heart failure.

Background: In medical practice, atrial fibrillation (AF) is intricately associated with heart failure (HF). Currently, ethanol infusion of vein of Marshall (EIVOM) for AF ablation in HF patients remains significantly limited.

Method: This was a non-randomized, single-center, retrospective observational study.

The dual modulating effects of neuropeptide FF on morphine-induced analgesia at the spinal level.

Increasing evidence indicates that neuropeptide FF (NPFF) produces analgesic effects and augments opioid-induced analgesia at the spinal level. However, our recent research demonstrated that NPFF exerted complex opioid-modulating effects in an inflammatory pain model after intrathecal (i.t.

Risk factors for cognitive decline in older Chinese adults: the impact of social activity on the relationship between hearing, functional mobility, and cognition.

Objective: Hearing and functional mobility impairments are recognized as risk factors for cognitive decline in older adults, yet the causal relationship underlying these associations is not well-understood. This study aims to explore whether engagement in social activities mediates the link between hearing or functional mobility impairment and cognitive decline.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in two cities in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China.

Thinkings on the reform of medical education system in China.

Different clinical medicine programs exist in China, which are mainly the 3-year junior college medical program, the 5-year medical bachelor's degree program, the 5 + 3 medical master's degree program, and the 8-year medical doctoral degree program. Medical graduates obtain different degrees from various medical programs, leading to inequality and polarization of the cultivation. The extended length of schooling discourages talented students from pursuing clinical medicine.

ROS-responsive nanoparticles for bioimaging and treating acute lung injury by releasing dexamethasone and improving alveolar macrophage homeostasis.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) triggers the activation of pulmonary macrophages, which in turn produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Results: We synthesized ROS-responsive red light-emitting carbon dots (RCMNs) that target lung macrophages, possess bioimaging capabilities, and efficiently eliminate intracellular ROS, thereby demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects for treating acute lung injury (ALI). In an LPS-induced ALI mouse model, RCMNs showed bioimaging and therapeutic potential, reducing lung damage and inflammation by targeting ROS-damaged tissue.

Humin accelerates interspecies electron transfer between Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Methanosarcina barkeri.

Existing researches involving accelerated interspecies electron transfer (IET) by solid redox mediators focus mainly on the conductive nature of these materials. Although non-conductive solid redox mediator-humin has been reported to promote methanogenic performance of anaerobic granular sludge, likely through accelerating IET of microorganisms, this phenomenon has not been validly proven. In this study, a wetland sediment sourced HM (HM) was added into a co-culture of a syntrophic bacteria Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and an archaeal Methanosarcina barkeri with ethanol as sole electron donor to examine whether HM can accelerate the IET between these two species.

Optimal time for the addition of non-corticosteroid immunosuppressants in myasthenia gravis: a single-center retrospective study in China.

Introduction: Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) display strong treatment heterogeneity. Recent studies have indicated that low-dose steroids or immunosuppressants are effective. However, factors affecting the add-on of non-corticosteroid immunosuppressants to corticosteroids remain unknown.

MetaPhenotype: A Transferable Meta-Learning Model for Single-Cell Mass Spectrometry-Based Cell Phenotype Prediction Using Limited Number of Cells.

Single-cell mass spectrometry (SCMS) is an emerging tool for studying cell heterogeneity according to variation of molecular species in single cells. Although it has become increasingly common to employ machine learning models in SCMS data analysis, such as the classification of cell phenotypes, the existing machine learning models often suffer from low adaptability and transferability. In addition, SCMS studies of rare cells can be restricted by limited number of cell samples.

Scavenger Receptor CD36 in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Cancer Progression by Dampening Type I Interferon Signaling.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogenous population of myeloid cells that dictate the inflammatory tone of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we unveiled a mechanism by which scavenger receptor CD36 suppresses TAM inflammatory states. CD36 was upregulated in TAMs and associated with immunosuppressive features, and myeloid-specific deletion of CD36 significantly reduced tumor growth.

Experience Among Postnatal Nurses With Two or Three Children Returning to Work Within 3 Months in China: A Qualitative Study.

Aim: To analyse experience in postnatal nurses returning to work within 3 months following the delivery of a second or third child and recommend appropriate measures to relieve pressure and enhance work engagement among this group.

Methods: This study adopted a descriptive phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interview was carried out with 12 postnatal nurses who had returned to work in the postpartum period following the delivery of a second or third child.