Sodium MRI of the skin using a surface coil to investigate and reduce signal loss and bias.

Purpose: The purpose was to improve sodium MRI of human skin using a surface coil and twisted projection imaging with smaller, reshaped voxels.

Methods: Calf skin sodium images were acquired in 14 healthy adults using twisted projection imaging with short TE ˜ 0.1 ms, first with a volume coil and voxels (1.

Gender trends in match rate to surgical specialties in Canada: A retrospective study from 2003-2022.

Background: In Canada, there is a recognized underrepresentation of women in the field of surgery. However, the extent to which this trend applies across various surgical specialties is not well delineated. The aim of this study is to identify existing disparities and trends over time to inform the need for future interventions to make the match process more equitable for applicants.

Trends in ophthalmology applicants going unmatched in the Canadian Resident Matching Service.

Background: Applicants to ophthalmology have high rates of going unmatched during the CaRMS process, but how this compares to other competitive or surgical specialties remains unclear. Our research aims to examine this phenomenon by identifying trends and comparing match data with other specialties, to identify disparities that may inform the need for future interventions to improve the match process for applicants.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional analysis of data provided by CaRMS on the residency match from 2013 to 2022.

Epidemiology of ocular emergencies in a large Canadian eye centre.

Objective: The Eye Institute of Alberta Emergency Eye Clinic (EIA EEC) is a tertiary eye care centre that provides emergency eye services to a population of more than 1 million. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of ocular emergencies at the EIA EEC.

Design: Prospective epidemiologic study based on secondary use of patient data.

Implementing a Diabetic Algorithm for Ophthalmology Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Introduction: The objective of this quality improvement, interventional study regarding patients with diabetes undergoing diabetic ophthalmology outpatient surgery aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate a new diabetic algorithm to improve safety, operating room efficiency, and decrease supply cost.

Methods: A multidisciplinary study team was assembled, including ophthalmologists, endocrinologists, anesthesiologists, management, and nurses to review the current diabetic protocol. From August 2016 to July 2017, 13 patient safety concerns or incident reports were reviewed that identified two serious cases of hypoglycemia.

Development of a standardized Canadian undergraduate medical education ophthalmology curriculum.

Objective: To create a standardized undergraduate medicine ophthalmology curriculum for Canadian medical schools.

Design: Two-stage modified Delphi technique.

Participants: Undergraduate ophthalmology leads at all the medical schools in Canada and 6 nonophthalmologist physicians with medical education expertise.

A qualitative description of barriers to visual rehabilitation experienced by stroke survivors with visual impairment in Alberta, Canada.

Background: Post-stroke visual impairment (VI) is a common but under-recognized care challenge. Common manifestations of post-stroke VI include: diplopia, homonymous hemianopia, oscillopsia secondary to nystagmus, and visual inattention or neglect. In acute care settings, post-stroke VI recognition and treatment are often sub-optimal as emphasis is placed on survival.

Towards preventing exfoliation glaucoma by targeting and removing fibrillar aggregates associated with exfoliation syndrome.

Exfoliation syndrome presents as an accumulation of insoluble fibrillar aggregates that commonly correlates with age and causes ocular complications, most notably open-angle glaucoma. Despite advances in understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with exfoliation syndrome, there has been no significant progress in curative pharmacotherapy of this disease. It is thought that the ability to target the fibrillar aggregates associated with exfoliation may offer a new therapeutic approach, facilitating their direct removal from affected tissues.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on elective cataract surgery wait times.

Objective: Lengthy wait times for cataract surgery can negatively affect patients' quality of life and increase the incidence of falls and depression. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges to the delivery of elective cataract surgeries. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cataract surgery wait times in the Alberta Health Services' Edmonton zone were studied by examining the wait times before and during the pandemic.

Barriers to Care for Poststroke Visual Deficits in Alberta, Canada.

Poststroke visual impairment (VI) negatively affects rehabilitation potential and quality of life for stroke survivors. In this cross-sectional observational study, stroke survivors and providers were surveyed to quantify perspectives regarding care for poststroke VI in Alberta, Canada ( = 46 survivors; = 87 providers). Few patients (35%) felt prepared to cope with VI at the time of discharge from acute stroke and inpatient rehabilitation settings.

Cross-sectional study of nutritional intake among patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment along the Myanmar-Thailand border.

Objective: This study summarises nutritional intake among patients with tuberculosis (TB) along the Myanmar-Thailand border according to the local diet.

Setting: TB clinic along the Myanmar-Thailand border.

Participants: Cross-sectional surveys of 24-hour food recall were conducted with participants receiving anti-TB treatment.

Quantifying the cost of single-use minims and multidose bottles for eye drops in routine ophthalmic practice: a multicentre study.

Objective: To compare costs between two different eye drop delivery modalities: multidose bottles and single-use minims.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Monthly dilating eye drop costs and quantities (tropicamide 1%, phenylephrine 2.

Leadership development facilitated by the "sandwich" and related glaucoma fellowship programs.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate leadership training in the Sandwich Glaucoma Fellowship (SGF), a program in which fellows learn skills in a developed world institution and their home country to become leaders in glaucoma care.

Design/methodology/approach: This paper is a retrospective, qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Participants of the SGF between 2007 and 2019 were provided a survey eliciting demographic information, leadership training exposure, development of leadership competencies and feedback for the fellowship program.

Incidence of steroid response in microinvasive glaucoma surgery with trabecular microbypass stent and ab interno trabeculectomy.

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors for steroid response in patients undergoing combined phacoemulsification cataract extraction (PCE) and microinvasive glaucoma surgery with either trabecular microbypass stent implantation (iStent) or ab interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome).

Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, single-institutional observational chart review.

Participants: Consecutive patients with open-angle glaucoma who underwent PCE with iStent or Trabectome with 3 months of follow-up.

Detecting Glaucoma in Rural Kenya: Results From a Teleglaucoma Pilot Project in Nyamira, Kenya.

Precis: A teleglaucoma (TG) case-finding model was used in Kenya. Of the patients, 3.46% had definite glaucoma and 4.

Efficacy and Safety of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty among Ethiopian Glaucoma Patients.

Background: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a safe and effective treatment modality for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP).

Purpose: To determine the efficacy and safety of SLT among Ethiopian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG), and ocular hypertension (OHT).

Method: A prospective, nonrandomized interventional study was conducted at Menelik II Hospital, Ethiopia.

Structural polymorphisms in fibrillar aggregates associated with exfoliation syndrome.

Exfoliation syndrome is largely considered an age-related disease that presents with fibrillar aggregates in the front part of the eye. A growing body of literature has investigated structural diversity of amyloids and fibrillar aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disease. However, in case of exfoliation syndrome, there is a dearth of information on the biophysical characteristics of these fibrils and structural polymorphisms.