Multiferroicity in plastically deformed SrTiO.

Quantum materials have a fascinating tendency to manifest novel and unexpected electronic states upon proper manipulation. Ideally, such manipulation should induce strong and irreversible changes and lead to new relevant length scales. Plastic deformation introduces large numbers of dislocations into a material, which can organize into extended structures and give rise to qualitatively new physics as a result of the huge localized strains.

Emergence of superconductivity in the cuprates via a universal percolation process.

A pivotal step toward understanding unconventional superconductors would be to decipher how superconductivity emerges from the unusual normal state. In the cuprates, traces of superconducting pairing appear above the macroscopic transition temperature T, yet extensive investigation has led to disparate conclusions. The main difficulty has been to separate superconducting contributions from complex normal-state behaviour.

Determination of the hyperfine magnetic field in magnetic carbon-based materials: DFT calculations and NMR experiments.

The prospect of carbon-based magnetic materials is of immense fundamental and practical importance, and information on atomic-scale features is required for a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to carbon magnetism. Here we report the first direct detection of the microscopic magnetic field produced at (13)C nuclei in a ferromagnetic carbon material by zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Electronic structure calculations carried out in nanosized model systems with different classes of structural defects show a similar range of magnetic field values (18-21 T) for all investigated systems, in agreement with the NMR experiments.

Contactless measurement of nonlinear conductivity in the radio-frequency range.

We have developed a system for contactless measurement of nonlinear conductivity in the radio-frequency band, and over a wide temperature range. A non-resonant circuit is used to electrically excite the sample, and the induced signal is detected by a resonant circuit whose natural frequency matches higher harmonics of the excitation. A simple modification of the probe allows non-resonant detection suitable for stronger signals.

Role of microscopic phase separation in gelation of aqueous gelatin solutions.

Using a unique home-made cell for four-contact impedance spectroscopy of conductive liquid samples, we establish the existence of two low frequency conductivity relaxations in aqueous solutions of gelatin, in both liquid and gel states. A comparison with diffusion measurements using pulsed field gradient NMR, and circular dichroism spectroscopy, shows that the faster relaxation process is due to gelatin macromolecule self-diffusion. This single molecule diffusion is mostly insensitive to the macroscopic state of the sample, implying that we have a clear separation of gelatin molecules into a free and network-bound phase.

Cooperative mercury motion in the ionic conductor Cu2HgI4.

We present the observation of glasslike dynamic correlations of mobile mercury ions in the ionic conductor Cu2HgI4, detected in both NMR and nonlinear conductivity experiments. The results show that dynamic cooperativity appears in systems seemingly unrelated to glassy and soft arrested materials. A simple kinetic two-component model is proposed, which seems to provide a good description of the cooperative ionic dynamics.

Four-contact impedance spectroscopy of conductive liquid samples.

We present an improved approach to the impedance spectroscopy of conductive liquid samples using four-electrode measurements. Our method enables impedance measurements of conductive liquids down to the sub-Hertz frequencies, avoiding the electrode polarization effects that usually cripple standard impedance analysers. We have successfully tested our apparatus with aqueous solutions of potassium chloride and gelatin.