Publications by authors named "Damini Dey"
Background: Studies have observed higher incidence of cardiovascular mortality in South Asians (SA), and lower prevalence in East Asians (EA), compared with Caucasians. These observations are not entirely explained by ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk factors and mechanistic factors such as variations in cardiac anatomy and physiology may play a role. This study compared ethnic differences in CT-assessed left ventricular (LV) mass, coronary anatomy and non-invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To determine the occurrence of physiological significant coronary artery disease (CAD) by coronary CT angiography (CTA) derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) in asymptomatic patients with a new diagnosis (<1 year) of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: FFR-analysis was performed from standard acquired coronary CTA data sets. The per-patient minimum distal FFR-value (d-FFR) in coronary vessels (diameter ⩾1.
Article Synopsis
- Obese patients pose challenges in SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) due to increased soft tissue affecting results, prompting a study on whether automated quantitative analysis can better assess their cardiac risk based on obesity levels.
- The study classified participants by body mass index (BMI) and found that higher total perfusion deficit (TPD) was linked to an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), particularly in those with lower BMI categories and significant thresholds of TPD.
- Automated quantitative methods showed superior prognostic accuracy compared to visual analysis, especially for patients with higher obesity levels, suggesting that combining different metrics can enhance risk stratification in this population.
Objectives: The machine learning ischemia risk score (ML-IRS) is a machine learning-based algorithm designed to identify hemodynamically significant coronary disease using quantitative coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). The purpose of this study was to examine whether the ML-IRS can predict revascularization in patients referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA) after CCTA.
Methods: This study was a post hoc analysis of a prospective dual-center registry of sequential patients undergoing CCTA followed by ICA within 3 months, referred from inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department settings (n = 352, age 63 ± 10 years, 68% male).
Objectives: This study sought to determine whether coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-based radiomic analysis of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) could distinguish patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) from patients with stable or no coronary artery disease (CAD).
Background: Imaging of PCAT with CCTA enables detection of coronary inflammation. Radiomics involves extracting quantitative features from medical images to create big data and identify novel imaging biomarkers.
Article Synopsis
- - This study investigated the benefits of early revascularization in patients with significant ischemia using data from a large international registry of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) between 2009 and 2014.
- - It found that patients showing greater than 10.2% ischemic total perfusion deficit (TPD) after automatic quantification had a lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) if they underwent revascularization within 90 days.
- - The results suggest that early revascularization may be particularly beneficial for patients with moderate to severe ischemia, contributing to better cardiovascular outcomes compared to those who do not receive early intervention.
Background: To evaluate the impact of respiratory-averaged computed tomography attenuation correction (RACTAC) compared to standard single-phase computed tomography attenuation correction (CTAC) map, on the quantitative measures of coronary atherosclerotic lesions of F-sodium fluoride (F-NaF) uptake in hybrid positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT).
Methods: This study comprised 23 patients who underwent F-NaF coronary PET in a hybrid PET/CT system. All patients had a standard single-phase CTAC obtained during free-breathing and a 4D cine-CT scan.
Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), an important cause of premature death in TS. However, the determinants of CAD in women with TS remain unknown. In a cross-sectional study design, 168 women without clinical evidence of CAD (115 with TS and 53 without TS) were assessed for the presence and volume of subclinical CAD using coronary CT angiography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation has been identified as a marker for cardiovascular risk. The effect of contrast enhancement on fat attenuation is unknown. We aim to compare precontrast coronary scans to postcontrast CCTA for quantification of pericoronary fat volume and attenuation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reliable methods for predicting myocardial infarction in patients with established coronary artery disease are lacking. Coronary F-sodium fluoride (F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) provides an assessment of atherosclerosis activity.
Objectives: This study assessed whether F-NaF PET predicts myocardial infarction and provides additional prognostic information to current methods of risk stratification.
Associations Among Self-reported Physical Activity, Coronary Artery Calcium Scores, and Mortality Risk in Older Adults.
Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes
June 2020
Objective: To assess whether self-reported physical activity during daily life reduces the mortality risk associated with atherosclerotic burden, as measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) scanning.
Methods: We assessed 2318 patients aged 65 to 84 years who underwent CAC scanning from August 31, 1998, through November 16, 2016, and had daily life physical activity assessed by a single-item question that was used to divide patients by low, moderate, and high physical activity levels. Patients were followed for a mean ± SD of 10.
Myocardial perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography is commonly used for diagnosis and risk stratification in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Current scanners often incorporate computed tomography for attenuation correction, resulting in a wealth of clinical and imaging information associated with a typical study. Novel highly efficient artificial intelligence (AI) tools have emerged, revolutionizing image analysis with direct and accurate extraction of information from cardiovascular images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Researchers developed a machine learning (ML) method to automatically determine when to cancel rest scans in SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), aiming to decrease radiation exposure and costs.
- The study used data from over 20,000 patients to train the ML model, which predicted major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and established three score thresholds to match physician decision-making.
- Results showed that patients recommended for rest scan cancellation by ML had significantly lower MACE and all-cause mortality rates compared to those selected by traditional methods, indicating better prognostic safety with the ML approach.
Background: We aimed to establish the observer repeatability and interscan reproducibility of coronary F-sodium-fluoride positron emission tomography (PET) uptake using a novel semi-automated approach, coronary microcalcification activity (CMA).
Methods: Patients with multivessel coronary artery disease underwent repeated hybrid PET and computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging (PET/CTA). CMA was defined as the integrated standardized uptake values (SUV) in the entire coronary tree exceeding 2 standard deviations above the background SUV.
Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) describes the use of computational techniques to mimic human intelligence. In healthcare, this typically involves large medical datasets being used to predict a diagnosis, identify new disease genotypes or phenotypes, or guide treatment strategies. Noninvasive imaging remains a cornerstone for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of patients with cardiovascular disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To assess the incremental value of quantitative plaque features measured from computed tomography angiography (CTA) for predicting side branch (SB) occlusion in coronary bifurcation intervention.
Methods: We included 340 patients with 377 bifurcation lesions in the post hoc analysis of the CT-PRECISION registry. Each bifurcation was divided into three segments: the proximal main vessel (MV), the distal MV, and the SB.
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with cardiovascular risk. The longitudinal change in EAT volume (EATv) and density (EATd), and potential modulators of these parameters, has not been described. We prospectively recruited 90 patients with non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis on baseline computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) performed for suspected coronary artery disease to undergo a repeat research CTCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Among patients without a previous history of coronary artery disease (CAD), 70% showed positive CAC, increasing the overall prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in the cohort to 76%.
- * The presence of CAC was noted even in patients without traditional cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that evaluating CAC could significantly impact risk assessment and management strategies for AF patients.
Background: High pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation and non-calcified plaque burden (NCP) measured from coronary CT angiography (CTA) have been implicated in future cardiac events. We aimed to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver repeatability of PCAT attenuation and NCP burden measurement from CTA, in a sub-study of the prospective SCOT-HEART trial.
Methods: Fifty consecutive CTAs from participants of the CT arm of the prospective SCOT-HEART trial were included.
Low-Attenuation Noncalcified Plaque on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Predicts Myocardial Infarction: Results From the Multicenter SCOT-HEART Trial (Scottish Computed Tomography of the HEART).
Circulation
May 2020
Background: The future risk of myocardial infarction is commonly assessed using cardiovascular risk scores, coronary artery calcium score, or coronary artery stenosis severity. We assessed whether noncalcified low-attenuation plaque burden on coronary CT angiography (CCTA) might be a better predictor of the future risk of myocardial infarction.
Methods: In a post hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial of CCTA in patients with stable chest pain, we investigated the association between the future risk of fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction and low-attenuation plaque burden (% plaque to vessel volume), cardiovascular risk score, coronary artery calcium score or obstructive coronary artery stenoses.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers developed a new 3D cardiac MRI technique that doesn't require contrast agents and allows for stress testing within a 4-minute time frame, improving upon existing methods limited by breath holds and imaging speed.
- The study was conducted on dogs and healthy human volunteers, showing significant increases in myocardial T2 values during adenosine stress compared to rest, indicating a successful assessment of myocardial perfusion.
- Results demonstrated a positive correlation between myocardial BOLD responses and PET perfusion measurements, revealing the technique's effectiveness in detecting myocardial ischemia in both canines and humans.
Purpose: To evaluate the performance of deep learning for robust and fully automated quantification of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) from multicenter cardiac CT data.
Materials And Methods: In this multicenter study, a convolutional neural network approach was trained to quantify EAT on non-contrast material-enhanced calcium-scoring CT scans from multiple cohorts, scanners, and protocols ( = 850). Deep learning performance was compared with the performance of three expert readers and with interobserver variability in a subset of 141 scans.
Purpose: South Asian (SA) have been observed to have higher cardiovascular mortality rates compared to East Asians (EA) and Caucasians. Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation around the right coronary artery (RCA) from coronary CT angiography (CTA) has been associated with coronary inflammation and cardiac death. We aimed to investigate i) the relationship between plaque characteristics and PCAT attenuation and ii) to assess gender and ethnic differences in PCAT attenuation using a matched cohort of SA, EA and Caucasians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To improve the evaluation of low-attenuation plaque (LAP) by using semiautomated software and to assess whether the use of a proposed automated function (LAP editor) that excludes voxels adjacent to the outer vessel wall improves the relationship between LAP and the presence and size of the lipid-rich component (LRC) verified at intravascular US. At coronary CT angiography, quantification of LAP can improve risk stratification. defined as the area between the vessel and the lumen wall, is prone to partial volume effects from the surrounding pericoronary adipose tissue.
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