TNFAIP3 affects ferroptosis after traumatic brain injury by affecting the deubiquitination and ubiquitination pathways of the HMOX1 protein and ACSL3.

The occurrence and progression of traumatic brain injury involve a complex process. The pathophysiological mechanisms triggered by neuronal damage include various forms of programmed cell death, including ferroptosis. We observed upregulation of TNFAIP3 in mice after traumatic brain injury.

The critical roles of lnc-GLYATL2-2/PD-L1 axis in immune microenvironment and the clinical value of intracranial chordomas.

Intracranial chordomas (ICs) are associated with a poor prognosis due to low total resection rates and high recurrence rates. However, the role of immunotherapy in ICs remains unknown. RNA sequencing and immunohistochemical staining were performed on IC tissues and normal tissues, and the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) lnc-GLYATL2-2 was identified.

CircRNF10 triggers a positive feedback loop to facilitate progression of glioblastoma via redeploying the ferroptosis defense in GSCs.

Background: Glioma exhibit heterogeneous susceptibility for targeted ferroptosis. How circRNAs alterations in glioma promote iron metabolism and ferroptosis defense remains unclarified.

Methods: The highly enriched circRNAs in glioblastoma (GBM) were obtained through analysis of sequencing datasets.

Circular RNA circPTPRF promotes the progression of GBM via sponging miR-1208 to up-regulate YY1.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor in the brain, and its robust proliferation and invasion abilities reduce the survival time of patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an essential role in various tumors, such as regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and other progressive phenotypes through different mechanisms. Finding novel circRNAs may significantly contribute to the prognosis of GBM and provide the basis for the targeted therapy of GBM.

CircLRFN5 inhibits the progression of glioblastoma via PRRX2/GCH1 mediated ferroptosis.

Background: Ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent cell death and participates in the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM). Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) are found to play key roles in ferroptosis via several mechanisms, including regulating iron metabolism, glutathione metabolism, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial-related proteins, there are many novel circRNAs regulating ferroptosis need to be found, and they may become a new molecular treatment target in GBM.

Methods: The expression levels of circLRFN5, PRRX2 and GCH1 were detected by qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry.

CircKPNB1 mediates a positive feedback loop and promotes the malignant phenotypes of GSCs via TNF-α/NF-κB signaling.

Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are a special kind of cells in GBM showing tumor initiation, self-renewal, and multi-lineage differentiation abilities. Finding novel circRNAs related to GSCs is of great significance for the study of glioma. qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of circKPNB1, SPI1, DGCR8, and TNF-α.

Treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea via extended extradural anterior skull base approach.

Objective: To describe and assess the repair technique and perioperative management for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak resulting from extensive anterior skull base fracture via extradural anterior skull base approach.

Methods: This was a retrospective review conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital from January 2015 to April 2020. Patients with traumatic CSF rhinorrhea resulting from extensive anterior skull base fracture treated surgically via extended extradural anterior skull base approach were included in this study.

Pharmacokinetics of colistin in cerebrospinal fluid after intraventricular administration alone in intracranial infections.

The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of colistin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after intraventricular (IVT) administration of colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) for central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Ten patients with CNS infection were treated with CMS (active substance colistin equivalent to 100 000 units, every 24 h) by IVT administration. After 3 days of treatment, the concentration of colistin in the CSF was determined by selective ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after CMS administration.

Identification of key candidate genes and pathways in glioblastoma by integrated bioinformatical analysis.

Glioblastoma (GBM), characterized by high morbidity and mortality, is one of the most common lethal diseases worldwide. To identify the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of GBM, three cohort profile datasets (GSE50161, GSE90598 and GSE104291) were integrated and thoroughly analyzed; these datasets included 57 GBM cases and 22 cases of normal brain tissue. The current study identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and analyzed potential candidate genes and pathways.

The Most-Cited Works in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most-Cited Articles.

Background: There is an abundance of works published on severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). Bibliometric analyses aim to provide a macroscopic view of research activities regarding sTBI and are helpful in determining the most impactful studies within this field.

Methods: We performed a generalized search using the database of Web of Science, organized the references by the number of citations, and reviewed full length-articles for the top-100 most-cited articles on sTBI.

The Sellar Tumor: Metastasis or Chordoma?

Chordomas are uncommon, locally invasive chordate tumors, which are mostly observed in the axial skeleton. Numerous papers have described similar patients around different anatomic locations; however, rare document previously reported that intracranial chordoma was associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The authors report a 51-year-old male patient with a history of right radical nephrectomy for ccRCC presented to us with progressive blurred vision.

Hedgehog/Gli1 signaling pathway regulates MGMT expression and chemoresistance to temozolomide in human glioblastoma.

Background: Chemoresistance of glioblastoma (GBM) is a feature of this devastating disease. This study is to determine the relationship between Hedgehog (HH)/Gli1 signaling pathway and chemoresistance to temozolomide (TMZ) in human GBM.

Methods: We analyzed Gli1 nuclear staining and O-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) expression in 48 cases of primary GBM tissues by immunohistochemistry.

Bibliometric Analysis of Journals in the Field of Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas.

Endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenomas is being performed more frequently worldwide in the recent years. This first bibliometric analysis was conducted aiming to have a microscopic view of research activities about endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenomas. The original articles about endoscopic endonasal surgery for pituitary adenomas were extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) and analyzed concerning their distributions.

MiR-148a increases glioma cell migration and invasion by downregulating GADD45A in human gliomas with IDH1 R132H mutations.

High-grade gliomas are severe tumors with poor prognosis. An R132H mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) gene prolongs the life of glioma patients. In this study, we investigated which genes are differentially regulated in IDH1 wild type (IDH1WT) or IDH1 R132H mutation (IDH1R132H) glioblastoma cells.

KLF4 Knockdown Attenuates TBI-Induced Neuronal Damage through p53 and JAK-STAT3 Signaling.

Aims: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is induced by complex primary and secondary mechanisms that give rise to cell death, inflammation, and neurological dysfunction. Understanding the mechanisms that drive neurological damage as well as those that promote repair can guide the development of therapeutic drugs for TBI. Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) has been reported to negatively regulate axon regeneration of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) through inhibition of JAK-STAT3 signaling.

CACNA2D3 is downregulated in gliomas and functions as a tumor suppressor.

CACNA2D3, an auxiliary member of the alpha-2/delta subunit three family of the voltage-dependent calcium channel complex, plays a critical role in tumor suppression. However, its role in glioma carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the putative tumor suppressive role of CACNA2D3 in gliomas.

Traumatic brain injury: a review of characteristics, molecular basis and management.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical cause of hospitalization, disability, and death worldwide. The global increase in the incidence of TBI poses a significant socioeconomic burden. Guidelines for the management of acute TBI mostly pertain to emergency treatment.

R132H mutation in IDH1 gene reduces proliferation, cell survival and invasion of human glioma by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene commonly occur in gliomas. Remarkably, the R132H mutation in IDH1 (IDH1-R132H) is associated with better prognosis and increased survival than patients lacking this mutation. The molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is largely unknown.

Identifying the genes regulated by IDH1 via gene-chip in glioma cell U87.

Glioma is the most common form of primary brain tumor. Increasing evidence show that IDH1 gene mutation is implicated in glioma. However, the mechanism involved in the progression of glioma remains unclear until now.

[Efficacy analysis of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for recurrent or regrowing pituitary adenomas].

Objective: To analyze the safety and efficacy of surgical removal of recurrent or regrowing pituitary adenomas by endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach.

Methods: The clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 28 patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for recurrent or regrowing pituitary adenomas between April 2010 and December 2013. There were 9 males and 19 females with a mean age of 44.

Glioma: an overview of current classifications, characteristics, molecular biology and target therapies.

Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, accounting for 30% to 40% of all intracranial tumors. About half of all gliomas in adults are glioblastomas. Patients with glioblastoma have a poor prognosis, with a median survival of one year despite aggressive therapy and a five year mortality of over 95%.