Environmental impact assessment of dicationic ionic liquids with ammonium-phosphonium cations and amino acid anions.

Progress in the development of biodegradable or biobased ionic liquids (ILs) has led to the design of green compounds for several applications. Herein, four biocompatible dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) with ammonium-phosphonium cations and amino acid anions were synthesized and investigated their environmental impact. The structures of the DILs were confirmed by spectral analyses (H, C and P NMR).

Surface-Active Ionic Liquids and Surface-Active Quaternary Ammonium Salts from Synthesis, Characterization to Antimicrobial Properties.

The present work provides new evidence of the ongoing potential of surface-active ionic liquids (SAILs) and surface-active quaternary ammonium salts (surface-active QASs). To achieve this, a series of compounds were synthesized with a yield of ≥85%, and their thermal analyses were studied. Additionally, antimicrobial activity against both human pathogenic and soil microorganisms was investigated.

A comprehensive study demonstrating the influence of the solvent composition on the phytotoxicity of compounds, as exemplified by 2,4-D-based ILs with a choline-type cation.

Background: Growing concern for the protection of the environment and existing ecosystems has resulted in increasing consideration of phytotoxicity tests as valid ecotoxicological indicators of the potential hazards of the use of ionic liquids (ILs) or any other chemical. The objective of this study was to gain a detailed understanding of the influence of the solvent composition of spray solutions on the phytotoxic effect of foliar application of ionic pairs with weak (choline 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, [Chol][2,4-D]), medium (N-hexylcholine 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, [C Chol][2,4-D]) and good (N-dodecylcholine 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, [C Chol][2,4-D]) surface-active properties.

Results: Experimental results unambiguously demonstrated that the biological activity of the test salt solutions, particularly [Chol][2,4-D] and [C Chol][2,4-D], can be strongly affected by the addition of an organic solvent, such as methanol, ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) compared to solutions in pure water.

Sustainable Design of New Ionic Forms of Vitamin B and Their Utilization as Plant Protection Agents.

This study demonstrates the utilization of naturally occurring nicotinamide (vitamin B) in the sustainable synthesis of organic salts with application potential as environmentally friendly agrochemicals. The designed ionic pairs, obtained with high yields, consisted of -alkylnicotinamide cation and commercially available herbicidal anions: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetate (MCPA). The study confirmed the strong influence of the length of alkyl chain in products on the physicochemical properties as well as the development of cornflower and oil-seed rape.

Use of ammonium salts or binary mixtures derived from amino acids, glycine betaine, choline and indole-3-butyric acid as plant regulators.

A simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly synthesis method for bioproducts based on indole-3-butyric acid and amino acids, glycine betaine or choline has been developed. Spectral analysis and molecular calculations were used to determine whether the products were ammonium salts or binary mixtures. Moreover, it was observed that the ammonium salts degraded more rapidly than the binary mixtures when exposed to light.