Measurement of renal congestion and compliance following intravenous fluid administration using shear wave elastography.

Objective: Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) is a novel technique that may provide non-invasive measurements of renal compliance. We aimed to investigate the relationship between intravenous (IV) fluid administration and change in SWE measurements. We hypothesised that following IV fluid administration in healthy volunteers, global kidney stiffness would increase and that this increase in stiffness could be quantified using SWE.

Bowel ulceration following tocilizumab administration in a COVID-19 patient.

Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6, has been used to treat cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in a subset of patients with severe COVID-19 disease. Acute ulcerative bowel disease has been only rarely documented in patients treated for rheumatological conditions. The gastrointestinal side effects seen when used in the context of COVID-19 are unknown.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome complicated by obstructive uropathy, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum: a case report and literature review.

Background: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is an acute mucocutaneous eruption with blisters of the skin and haemorrhagic erosions of mucous membranes. This report describes air-leak syndrome and obstructive uropathy occurring simultaneously in a teenage patient affected by SJS.

Case Presentation: A 17-year-old Malay female with SJS suffered from bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and obstructive uropathy as early complications of her disease.

Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition protects CyPD knockout mice independently of RISK/mPTP signalling: a parallel pathway to protection.

The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is widely accepted as an end-effector mechanism of conditioning protection against injurious ischaemia/reperfusion. However, death can be initiated in cells without pre-requisite mPTP opening, implicating alternate targets for ischaemia/reperfusion injury amelioration. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are known to activate extrinsic apoptotic cascades and therefore we hypothesised that MMP activity represents an mPTP-independent target for augmented attenuation of ischaemia/reperfusion injury.

Oxygen therapy for cerebral malaria.

Malaria is an important global health issue, killing nearly one million people worldwide each year. There is a disproportionate disease burden, since 89% of cases are of African origin, and 85% of deaths worldwide occur in children under 5 years of age of age.(1) Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most serious complication of infection.