Patellar instability and quadriceps avoidance affect walking knee moments.

Purpose: To classify patients with patellofemoral (PF) instability on the basis of their mechanical gait characteristics, and to relate gait deficits to patellofemoral congruence.

Methods: Thirteen patients awaiting patellar stabilisation surgery were recruited for gait analysis and magnetic resonance imaging, MRI assessment of PF congruence. Patients were grouped into two subgroups (P1, P2) based on knee joint moment during stance, and their total support moments (TSMs) during stance were compared against eight healthy Control subjects.

Proximity of Axillary Nerve During Cortical Button Repair of Pectoralis Major Tendon Rupture.

Background: Rupture of the pectoralis major (PM) tendon is a rare but severe injury. Several techniques have been described for PM fixation, including a transosseus technique, placing cortical buttons at the superior, middle and inferior PM tendon insertion points. The present cadaveric study investigates the proximity of the posterior branch of the axillary nerve to the drill positions for transosseus PM tendon repair.