Exposure to air pollution during the first 1000 days of life and subsequent health service and medication usage in children.

Background: Evidence of health effects following early life exposure to short-to-medium duration of high pollution levels is extremely limited.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the associations between: 1. intrauterine exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) from coal mine fire emissions and the frequencies of general practitioner attendances and dispensations of prescribed asthma inhalers, steroid skin creams, and antibiotics during the first year of life; 2.

Physiotherapy students' DiSC behaviour styles can be used to predict the likelihood of success in clinical placements.

Background: Behaviour can be defined as the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal and/or external stimuli, excluding responses more easily understood as developmental changes. Unlike personality traits, that are thought to be biologically consistent, behaviour, through the application of cognition and reasoning is open to change across time and circumstance, although most humans will display preferred ways of behaving. The objective of this study was to: i) identify the behaviour styles of physiotherapy students and investigate if there is a relationship (predictive or otherwise) between students' unique behaviour patterns and their clinical placement grades and; ii) examine if this relationship differs when student's in a Master's level program as well as student's in a Bachelor's level program are explored separately.

Patient navigation services for cancer care in low-and middle-income countries: A scoping review.

Background: Nearly 70% of all cancer deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and many of these cancer deaths are preventable. In high-income countries (HICs), patient navigation strategies have been successfully implemented to facilitate the patient's journey at multiple points along the cancer care continuum. The purpose of this scoping review is to understand and describe the scope of patient navigation interventions and services employed in LMICs.

Obstetric outcomes among women with a liver transplant.

Background: Women with liver transplants may be at increased risk for adverse outcomes.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate trends and provide recent data on outcomes for women with a liver transplant.

Study Design: The National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project from 1998 to 2014 was used for this repeated cross-sectional analysis.

Risk of Stillbirth after Antepartum Hospitalization for Hypertensive Diseases of Pregnancy.

Objective: To determine if women with an antepartum admission for hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (HDP) were at increased risk for stillbirth.

Study Design: This study utilized the 2010 to 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Antepartum admissions with HDP were identified and linked to subsequent delivery hospitalizations.

Antibiotic Use Without Indication During Delivery Hospitalizations in the United States.

Objective: To analyze trends in unindicated antibiotic use during vaginal delivery hospitalization.

Methods: This study used an administrative database to analyze antibiotic use during delivery hospitalizations from January 2006 to March 2015. Women were classified by mode of delivery and whether they had an evidence-based indication for antibiotics.

First Measurement of Near-Threshold J/ψ Exclusive Photoproduction off the Proton.

We report on the measurement of the γp→J/ψp cross section from E_{γ}=11.8  GeV down to the threshold at 8.2 GeV using a tagged photon beam with the GlueX experiment.

Evaluation of the Influence of Raw Almonds on Appetite Control: Satiation, Satiety, Hedonics and Consumer Perceptions.

Snack foods can be substantial contributors to daily energy intake, with different types of snacks exerting potentially different effects on satiety per calorie consumed. The present research compared the effect of consuming almonds as a mid-morning snack compared to an energy and weight-matched comparator snack (savoury crackers) or the equivalent weight of water (zero energy control). In a crossover design, 42 female participants (age: 26.

Newly Discovered Micropeptide Regulators of SERCA Form Oligomers but Bind to the Pump as Monomers.

The recently-discovered single-span transmembrane proteins endoregulin (ELN), dwarf open reading frame (DWORF), myoregulin (MLN), and another-regulin (ALN) are reported to bind to the SERCA calcium pump in a manner similar to that of known regulators of SERCA activity, phospholamban (PLB) and sarcolipin (SLN). To determine how micropeptide assembly into oligomers affects the availability of the micropeptide to bind to SERCA in a regulatory complex, we used co-immunoprecipitation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to quantify micropeptide oligomerization and SERCA-binding. Micropeptides formed avid homo-oligomers with high-order stoichiometry (n > 2 protomers per homo-oligomer), but it was the monomeric form of all micropeptides that interacted with SERCA.

Maternal Age and Preeclampsia Outcomes during Delivery Hospitalizations.

Objective: To characterize risk and temporal trends for preeclampsia and related outcomes by maternal age.

Study Design: Deliveries to women aged 15 to 54 years in the 1998 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample who had a diagnosis of preeclampsia, eclampsia, or both were included in the analysis. Age was categorized as 15 to 17, 18 to 24, 25 to 29, 30 to 34, 35 to 39, 40 to 44, and 45 to 54 years.

Risk attitudes and personality traits of entrepreneurs and venture team members.

Personality distinctions between entrepreneurs, nonfounder CEOs/leaders, and inventor employees have received limited attention, especially in innovative settings where they are working together. We surveyed these groups, along with other employees of innovative firms, at 4 locations of a prominent innovation and coworking center. Entrepreneurs display the greatest tolerance of risk, even in small gambles, as well as the strongest self-efficacy, internal locus of control, and need for achievement.

Use of ShotSpotter detection technology decreases prehospital time for patients sustaining gunshot wounds.

Background: Shorter prehospital time in patients sustaining penetrating trauma has been shown to be associated with improved survival. Literature has also demonstrated that police transport (vs. Emergency Medical Services [EMS]) shortens transport times to a trauma center.

Opioid Use Disorder during Antepartum and Postpartum Hospitalizations.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate temporal trends in opioid use disorder (OUD) during antepartum and postpartum hospitalizations.

Study Design: This repeated cross-sectional analysis analyzed data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample. Women aged 15 to 54 years admitted antepartum or postpartum were identified.

Postpartum Psychiatric Admissions in the United States.

Objective: This study aimed to assess risk for postpartum psychiatric admissions in the United States.

Study Design: This study used the 2010 to 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database to identify psychiatric admissions during the first 60 days after delivery hospitalization. Timing of admission after delivery discharge was determined.

Intrinsically disordered HAX-1 regulates Ca cycling by interacting with lipid membranes and the phospholamban cytoplasmic region.

Hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is a 279 amino acid protein expressed ubiquitously. In cardiac muscle, HAX-1 was found to modulate the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) by shifting its apparent Ca affinity (pCa). It has been hypothesized that HAX-1 binds phospholamban (PLN), enhancing its inhibitory function on SERCA.

Measurements of Nonsinglet Moments of the Nucleon Structure Functions and Comparison to Predictions from Lattice QCD for Q^{2}=4 GeV^{2}.

We present extractions of the nucleon nonsinglet moments utilizing new precision data on the deuteron F_{2} structure function at large Bjorken-x determined via the Rosenbluth separation technique at Jefferson Lab Experimental Hall C. These new data are combined with a complementary set of data on the proton previously measured in Hall C at similar kinematics and world datasets on the proton and deuteron at lower x measured at SLAC and CERN. The new Jefferson Lab data provide coverage of the upper third of the x range, crucial for precision determination of the higher moments.

Clinicopathologic Features, Diagnosis, and Characterization of the Immune Cell Population in Canine Choroid Plexus Tumors.

The World Health Organization characterizes human choroid plexus tumor (CPT) as papilloma (CPP), atypical CPP (ACPP), and carcinoma (CPC). CPCs can disseminate via cerebrospinal fluid and be mistaken for metastatic carcinoma, creating a diagnostic challenge. Kir7.

Risk for postpartum readmissions and associated complications based on maternal age.

Purpose: To evaluate risk for postpartum readmissions and associated severe morbidity by maternal age.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the Nationwide Readmissions Database to analyze 60-day all-cause postpartum readmission risk from 2010 to 2014. Risk for severe maternal morbidity (SMM) during readmission was ascertained using criteria from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Early life exposure to coal mine fire smoke emissions and altered lung function in young children.

Background And Objective: Long-term respiratory risks following exposure to relatively short periods of poor air quality early in life are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to a 6-week episode of air pollution from a coal mine fire in children aged <2 years, and their lung function 3 years after the fire.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study.

Preclinical Pharmacokinetics of Fosciclopirox, a Novel Treatment of Urothelial Cancers, in Rats and Dogs.

Pharmacokinetic studies in rats and dogs were performed to characterize the in vivo performance of a novel prodrug, fosciclopirox. Ciclopirox olamine (CPX-O) is a marketed topical antifungal agent with demonstrated in vitro and in vivo preclinical anticancer activity in several solid tumor and hematologic malignancies. The oral route of administration for CPX-O is not feasible due to low bioavailability and dose-limiting gastrointestinal toxicities.

The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention.

Pre‐eclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder that typically affects 2%–5% of pregnant women and is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially when the condition is of early onset. Globally, 76 000 women and 500 000 babies die each year from this disorder. Furthermore, women in low‐resource countries are at a higher risk of developing PE compared with those in high‐resource countries.

Implementation of clean cookstove interventions and its effects on blood pressure in low-income and middle-income countries: systematic review.

Objective: A review of the implementation outcomes of clean cookstove use, and its effects on blood pressure (BP) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: Systematic review of studies that reported the effect of clean cookstove use on BP among women, and implementation science outcomes in LMICs.

Data Sources: We searched PubMed, Embase, INSPEC, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Global Health and Web of Science PLUS.