Publications by authors named "Dalin Yang"

Background: Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) provides three-dimensional image reconstruction of chromophore perturbations within a turbid volume. Two leading strategies to optimize DOT image quality include, (i) arrays of regular, interlacing, high-density (HD) grids of sources and detectors with closest spacing less than 15 mm, or (ii) source modulated light of order ∼100 MHz.

Purpose: However, the general principles for how these crucial design parameters of array density and modulation frequency may interact to provide an optimal system design have yet to be elucidated.

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Article Synopsis
  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is valuable for studying brain networks but is affected by motion artifacts (MA), which can distort signal integrity and affect functional connectivity (FC) results.* -
  • The study explored various MA correction methods, including principal component analysis, Kalman filtering, and others, to determine their effectiveness in preserving brain FC analysis accuracy.* -
  • Results showed that temporal derivative distribution repair (TDDR) and wavelet filtering were the most effective algorithms in maintaining signal quality and improving the recovery of original FC patterns, suggesting they are the preferred choices for future studies.*
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Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been associated with disrupted brain connectivity, yet a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic neural underpinnings remains lacking. This study employed concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques to investigate dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) patterns and neurovascular characteristics in children with ASD. We also explored associations between neurovascular characteristics and the developmental trajectory of adaptive behavior in individuals with ASD.

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A transformation in plant cell wall evolution marked the emergence of grasses, grains and related species that now cover much of the globe. Their tough, less digestible cell walls arose from a new pattern of cross-linking between arabinoxylan polymers with distinctive ferulic acid residues. Despite extensive study, the biochemical mechanism of ferulic acid incorporation into cell walls remains unknown.

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Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by social communication deficits plus repetitive behaviors and restricted interests, currently affects 1/36 children in the general population. Recent advances in functional brain imaging show promise to provide useful biomarkers of ASD diagnostic likelihood, behavioral trait severity, and even response to therapeutic intervention. However, current gold-standard neuroimaging methods (e.

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Human action recognition based on optical and infrared video data is greatly affected by the environment, and feature extraction in traditional machine learning classification methods is complex; therefore, this paper proposes a method for human action recognition using Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar based on an asymmetric convolutional residual network. First, the radar echo data are analyzed and processed to extract the micro-Doppler time domain spectrograms of different actions. Second, a strategy combining asymmetric convolution and the Mish activation function is adopted in the residual block of the ResNet18 network to address the limitations of linear and nonlinear transformations in the residual block for micro-Doppler spectrum recognition.

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Transcranial electrical stimulation has demonstrated the potential to enhance cognitive functions such as working memory, learning capacity, and attentional allocation. Recently, it was shown that periodic stimulation within a specific duration could augment the human brain's neuroplasticity. This study investigates the effects of repetitive transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS; 1 mA, 5 Hz, 2 min duration) on cognitive function, functional connectivity, and topographic changes using both electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

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Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) exhibits the capability to interact with endogenous brain oscillations using an external low-intensity sinusoidal current and influences cerebral function. Despite its potential benefits, the physiological mechanisms and effectiveness of tACS are currently a subject of debate and disagreement. The aims of our study are to (i) evaluate the neurological and behavioral impact of tACS by conducting repetitive sham-controlled experiments and (ii) propose criteria to evaluate effectiveness, which can serve as a benchmark to determine optimal individual-based tACS protocols.

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With the emergence of an increasing number of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) devices, the significant deterioration in measurement caused by motion artifacts has become an essential research topic for fNIRS applications. However, a high requirement for mathematics and programming limits the number of related researches. Therefore, here we provide the first comprehensive review for motion artifact removal in fNIRS aiming to (i) summarize the latest achievements, (ii) present the significant solutions and evaluation metrics from the perspective of application and reproduction, and (iii) predict future topics in the field.

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Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) stand as state-of-the-art techniques for non-invasive functional neuroimaging. On a unimodal basis, EEG has poor spatial resolution while presenting high temporal resolution. In contrast, fNIRS offers better spatial resolution, though it is constrained by its poor temporal resolution.

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Ribosome biogenesis is a fundamental and highly orchestrated process that involves hundreds of ribosome biogenesis factors. Despite advances that have been made in yeast, the molecular mechanism of ribosome biogenesis remains largely unknown in plants. We uncovered a WD40 protein, Shrunken and Embryo Defective Kernel 1 (SHREK1), and showed that it plays a crucial role in ribosome biogenesis and kernel development in maize (Zea mays).

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In flowering plants, C-to-U RNA editing can be critical to normal functions of mitochondrion-encoded proteins. Mitochondrial C-to-U RNA editing is facilitated by many factors from diverse protein families, of which the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins play an important role. Owing to their large number and frequent embryo lethality in mutants, functions of many PPRs remain unknown.

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Transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS and tACS, respectively) can modulate human brain dynamics and cognition. However, these modalities have not been compared using multiple imaging techniques concurrently. In this study, 15 participants participated in an experiment involving two sessions with a gap of 10 days.

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Background: Brain disorders are gradually becoming the leading cause of death worldwide. However, the lack of knowledge of brain disease's underlying mechanisms and ineffective neuropharmacological therapy have led to further exploration of optimal treatments and brain monitoring techniques.

Objective: This study aims to review the current state of brain disorders, which utilize transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) and daily usable noninvasive neuroimaging techniques.

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Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease. Early diagnosis of MCI can allow for treatment to improve cognitive function and reduce modifiable risk factors.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of individual MCI detection from healthy control (HC) using a minimum duration of resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals.

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The goal of this study was to develop and validate a hybrid brain-computer interface (BCI) system for home automation control. Over the past decade, BCIs represent a promising possibility in the field of medical (e.g.

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the clinical precursor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is considered the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Some MCI patients tend to remain stable over time and do not evolve to AD. It is essential to diagnose MCI in its early stages and provide timely treatment to the patient.

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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition characterizing poor cognition, is associated with aging and depicts early symptoms of severe cognitive impairment, known as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Meanwhile, early detection of MCI can prevent progression to AD. A great deal of research has been performed in the past decade on MCI detection.

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