Patritumab deruxtecan in HER2-negative breast cancer: part B results of the window-of-opportunity SOLTI-1805 TOT-HER3 trial and biological determinants of early response.

Patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) exhibits promising efficacy in breast cancer, with its activity not directly correlated to baseline ERBB3/HER3 levels. This research investigates the genetic factors affecting HER3-DXd's response in women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer. In the SOLTI-1805 TOT-HER3 trial, a single HER3-DXd dose was administered to 98 patients across two parts: 78 patients received 6.

Patritumab Deruxtecan (HER3-DXd), a Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3-Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate, in Patients With Previously Treated Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3-Expressing Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Phase I/II Trial.

Purpose: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is broadly expressed in breast cancer; high expression is associated with an adverse prognosis. Patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) is an investigational HER3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate that is being evaluated as a novel treatment in HER3-expressing advanced breast cancer in the U31402-A-J101 study.

Methods: Adults with disease progression on previous therapies were eligible.

HERTHENA-Lung01, a Phase II Trial of Patritumab Deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy.

Purpose: Patritumab deruxtecan, or HER3-DXd, is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody to human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) attached to a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via a stable tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker. We assessed the efficacy and safety of HER3-DXd in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ()-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: This phase II study (ClinicalTrials.

A Phase II Randomized Study of Neoadjuvant Letrozole Plus Alpelisib for Hormone Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer (NEO-ORB).

Purpose: Addition of alpelisib to fulvestrant significantly extended progression-free survival in -mutant, hormone receptor-positive (HR) advanced/metastatic breast cancer in the phase III SOLAR-1 study. The combination of alpelisib and letrozole also had promising activity in phase I studies of HR advanced/metastatic breast cancer. NEO-ORB aimed to determine whether addition of alpelisib to letrozole could increase response rates in the neoadjuvant setting.

Buparlisib plus fulvestrant versus placebo plus fulvestrant for postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, advanced breast cancer: Overall survival results from BELLE-2.

Background: Buparlisib, a pan-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, plus fulvestrant in the BELLE-2 study significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: In this phase III study, patients were randomised 1:1 to buparlisib (100 mg/day; continuously in 28-day cycles) or placebo, plus fulvestrant (500 mg on cycle 1 day 15, and day 1 of subsequent cycles). Overall survival (OS) was assessed in the overall population and patients with known PI3K pathway status (both had shown significant PFS improvements).

A Phase Ib, open-label, dose-finding study of alpelisib in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Unlabelled: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway activation is associated with resistance to paclitaxel in solid tumors. We assessed the safety and activity of alpelisib, an oral, selective PI3K p110α inhibitor, plus paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors. This Phase Ib, multicenter, open-label, dose-finding study, with a planned dose-expansion phase of alpelisib once daily (QD) plus fixed-dose paclitaxel, recruited patients with advanced solid tumors.

Molecular Alterations and Buparlisib Efficacy in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Biomarker Analysis from BERIL-1.

The preplanned exploratory analysis of the BERIL-1 trial presented here aimed to identify biomarkers of response to the combination of buparlisib and paclitaxel. BERIL-1 was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study. Patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) progressing on/after one previous platinum-based chemotherapy regimen in the recurrent or metastatic setting were treated with either buparlisib plus paclitaxel or placebo plus paclitaxel.

Buparlisib plus fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer progressing on or after mTOR inhibition (BELLE-3): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway occurs frequently in breast cancer that is resistant to endocrine therapy. Approved mTOR inhibitors effectively inhibit cell growth and proliferation but elicit AKT phosphorylation via a feedback activation pathway, potentially leading to resistance to mTOR inhibitors. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of buparlisib plus fulvestrant in patients with advanced breast cancer who were pretreated with endocrine therapy and mTOR inhibitors.

A Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison of Sonidegib and Vismodegib in Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: Based on single-arm trial data (BOLT), sonidegib was approved in the US and EU to treat locally advanced basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) ineligible for curative surgery or radiotherapy. Vismodegib, the other approved targeted therapy, also was assessed in a single-arm trial (ERIVANCE). We examined the comparative effectiveness of the two drugs using a matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) versus an unadjusted indirect comparison.

Effects of Mild to Severe Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of Sonidegib: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Study.

Background And Objective: Sonidegib is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, primarily metabolized by the liver. In order to make dose recommendations for patients with hepatic impairment, we have assessed here the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and safety of sonidegib in subjects with varying degrees of hepatic function.

Methods: The primary objective of this phase I, multicenter, open-label study was to evaluate the PKs of a single oral 800 mg dose of sonidegib in subjects with impaired hepatic function compared with healthy subjects.

Exposure-QT analysis for sonidegib (LDE225), an oral inhibitor of the hedgehog signaling pathway, for measures of the QT prolongation potential in healthy subjects and in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: Sonidegib prevents activation of the Hedgehog signal transduction pathway. This PK-QT analysis has been performed to test for potential prolongation of the QT/QTc interval during extended use, and to understand the exposure-QT relationship for sonidegib in patients and in healthy volunteers (HV).

Methods: A pooled analysis of the change in QT interval corrected for heart rate according to Fridericia's formula was conducted across four patient studies from a total of 341 patients (n = 211, 102, 21, and 7 from the phase II pivotal study A2201, study X2101, study X1101, and study B2209, respectively), and across four healthy volunteer studies from a total of 204 healthy volunteers (n = 146, 36, 16, and 6 from study A2114, study A1102, study A2108, and study A2110, respectively).

Effect of esomeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor on the pharmacokinetics of sonidegib in healthy volunteers.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of esomeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of sonidegib.

Methods: This Phase I study evaluated the impact of the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) esomeprazole on the oral absorption and pharmacokinetics (PKs) of a single dose of sonidegib under fasted conditions. A total of 42 healthy subjects were enrolled to receive either sonidegib alone (200 mg single dose) or sonidegib in combination with esomeprazole (40 mg pre-treatment 5 days and combination were given on day 6).

Exposure-Response Analysis of Sonidegib (LDE225), an Oral Inhibitor of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway, for Effectiveness and Safety in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors.

Sonidegib selectively inhibits smoothened protein, suppresses the growth of Hedgehog pathway-dependent tumors, and has recently been approved in the indication of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma. A comprehensive exposure-response analysis was conducted to further characterize the relationship of sonidegib exposure to efficacy and safety. Minimum observed plasma concentration at predose (C ), peak concentration (C ), and area under the curve were used as exposure endpoints.

The 12-month analysis from Basal Cell Carcinoma Outcomes with LDE225 Treatment (BOLT): A phase II, randomized, double-blind study of sonidegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma.

Background: The hedgehog pathway inhibitor sonidegib demonstrated meaningful tumor shrinkage in more than 90% of patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or metastatic BCC in the BCC Outcomes with LDE225 Treatment study.

Objective: This report provides long-term follow-up data collected up to 12 months after the last patient was randomized.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase II study, patients were randomized 1:2 to sonidegib 200 or 800 mg.

Population pharmacokinetics of sonidegib (LDE225), an oral inhibitor of hedgehog pathway signaling, in healthy subjects and in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: Sonidegib (Odomzo) selectively inhibits smoothened and suppresses the growth of hedgehog pathway-dependent tumors. A population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis of sonidegib in healthy subjects and patients with advanced solid tumors was conducted to characterize PK, determine variability, and estimate covariate effects.

Methods: PK data from five phase 1 or 2 studies (N = 436) in the dose range from 100 to 3000 mg were analyzed using NONMEM.

Treatment with two different doses of sonidegib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BOLT): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind phase 2 trial.

Background: Patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma have limited treatment options. Hedgehog pathway signalling is aberrantly activated in around 95% of tumours. We assessed the antitumour activity of sonidegib, a Hedgehog signalling inhibitor, in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma.

Loss of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 (TSC2) Is Frequent in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Predicts Response to mTORC1 Inhibitor Everolimus.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and hyperactivation of mTOR signaling plays a pivotal role in HCC tumorigenesis. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a heterodimer of TSC1 and TSC2, functions as a negative regulator of mTOR signaling. In the current study, we discovered that TSC2 loss-of-function is common in HCC.

Effect of everolimus on survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after failure of sorafenib: the EVOLVE-1 randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Aside from the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib, there are no effective systemic therapies for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of everolimus in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma for whom sorafenib treatment failed.

Design, Setting, And Participants: EVOLVE-1 was a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study conducted among 546 adults with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B or C hepatocellular carcinoma and Child-Pugh A liver function whose disease progressed during or after sorafenib or who were intolerant of sorafenib.

Phase II randomized trial comparing sequential first-line everolimus and second-line sunitinib versus first-line sunitinib and second-line everolimus in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: A multicenter, randomized phase II trial, RECORD-3, was conducted to compare first-line everolimus followed by sunitinib at progression with the standard sequence of first-line sunitinib followed by everolimus in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: RECORD-3 used a crossover treatment design. The primary objective was to assess progression-free survival (PFS) noninferiority of first-line everolimus compared with first-line sunitinib.

Relationship between everolimus exposure and safety and efficacy: meta-analysis of clinical trials in oncology.

Background: In patients with solid tumours, daily everolimus dosing demonstrated dose proportionality and linear pharmacokinetics. A meta-analysis was conducted to characterise the relationship between everolimus Cmin and efficacy and safety and the effect of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein (PgP) substrate/inhibitor/inducer coadministration on everolimus trough concentration (Cmin).

Methods: Individual patient data from five phase 2/3 studies, in which steady state, predose pharmacokinetic samples were taken from patients with solid tumours administered everolimus 10mg/day, were pooled.

Phase I study investigating everolimus combined with sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Sorafenib is the only therapy shown to improve overall survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Combination therapy targeting multiple signaling pathways may improve outcomes. This phase I study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of everolimus given with sorafenib 400mg twice daily in patients with advanced HCC of Child-Pugh class A liver function who were naive to systemic therapy.

Effects of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of everolimus: a single-dose, open-label, parallel-group study.

Background: Although the pharmacokinetics of everolimus, an oral mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, have been characterized in patients with moderate hepatic impairment, they have not been assessed in those with mild or severe hepatic impairment.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics and safety of everolimus in healthy volunteers with normal hepatic function and patients with mild (Child-Pugh class A), moderate (Child-Pugh class B), and severe (Child-Pugh class C) hepatic impairment in otherwise good health to inform dosing in the clinical setting.

Methods: A multicenter, open-label, Phase I study in which all enrollees received a single, 10-mg, oral everolimus dose was conducted.

[Total body irradiation: techniques and main indications].

The radiotherapy department at Salah Azaïz institute had started, in March 2000, a new sophisticated technique of irradiation consisting in total body irradiation (TBI). TBI is used in many preparative regimens before bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of haematological malignancies. TBI aims to destroy immunocompetent tissues in order to avoid graft rejection and to eradicate residual tumor cells.

Radio-induced malignancies of the scalp about 98 patients with 150 lesions and literature review.

Introduction: - The induction of malignant diseases is one of the most concerning late effects of ionizing radiation. The topic of this study deals with skin tumors developed in the irradiated areas in children given X-ray therapy for tinea capitis.

Material And Methods: - All patients with malignant tumors of the scalp referred to Salah Azaiz Institute between 1970 and 2001 have been questioned in order to determine if there had been a prior X-ray irradiation for tinea capitis, its modality, and its consequences.