Three-dimensional skeletal, dentoalveolar and temporomandibular joint changes produced by Twin Block functional appliance.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to three-dimensionally analyze the net skeletal, dental, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) treatment changes using Twin Block functional therapy in comparison to untreated subjects.

Materials And Methods: The study (Twin Block) group comprised 22 female patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion. A total of 18 skeletal Class II untreated female subjects were included as controls.

Tooth movement into distraction regenerate: when should we start?

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically, radiographically, and histologically orthodontic tooth movement into bone regenerate after mandibular distraction osteogenesis to elucidate the optimal timing for initiating tooth movement.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 9 male mongrel dogs. An average edentulous space of 9 mm was created by using a custom-made bone-borne distractor fixed on the mandibular corpus of each dog.