Effect of aging on mechanical and antibacterial properties of fluorinated graphene reinforced glass ionomer: In vitro study.

Objectives: This study: 1) aims to test the mechanical and antibacterial properties of fluorinated graphene strengthened glass ionomer materials (FG/GICs); 2) aims to investigate the effects of thermo-cycling on (FG/GICs).

Materials And Methods: Fluorinated graphene (FG) with bright white color was prepared from fluorinated graphite (SIGMA Aldrich), using modified Hummer's method, to be added to conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs). In addition to a control group (group 1), experimentally modified GICs were prepared by adding FG to the conventional glass ionomer powder with three different weight ratios; (group 2, 1 wt %; group 3, 2.

Evaluation of the pH, calcium ion release, and antibacterial effect of a premixed bioceramic endodontic sealer.

This study sought to compare a bioceramic sealer (TotalFill) and a calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]) sealer (Sealapex) in terms of their pH, calcium ion (Ca²⁺) release, and antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. For the pH and Ca²⁺ release tests, 20 polyethylene tubes (10 mm in height and 1 mm in internal diameter) were filled with the appropriate sealer (n = 10 per sealer), immersed in glass flasks each containing 10 mL of deionized water, and stored in an incubator at 37°C. The water was changed after 1, 7, 28, and 90 days.