Bioisosteric replacement of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate to pyridoxal-5'-tetrazole targeting Bacillus subtilis GabR.

Antimicrobial resistance is a significant cause of mortality globally due to infections, a trend that is expected to continue to rise. As existing treatments fail and new drug discovery slows, the urgency to develop novel antimicrobial therapeutics grows stronger. One promising strategy involves targeting bacterial systems exclusive to pathogens, such as the transcription regulator protein GabR.

Catalytic and post-translational maturation roles of a conserved active site serine residue in nitrile hydratases.

A highly conserved second-sphere active site αSer residue in nitrile hydratase (NHase), that forms a hydrogen bond with the axial metal-bound water molecule, was mutated to Ala, Asp, and Thr, in the Co-type NHase from Pseudonocardia thermophila JCM 3095 (PtNHase) and to Ala and Thr in the Fe-type NHase from Rhodococcus equi TG328-2 (ReNHase). All five mutants were successfully purified; metal analysis via ICP-AES indicated that all three Co-type PtNHase mutants were in their apo-form while the Fe-type αSer117Ala and αSer117Thr mutants contained 85 and 50 % of their active site Fe(III) ions, respectively. The k values obtained for the PtNHase mutant enzymes were between 0.

ABA-regulated MAPK signaling pathway promotes hormesis in sugar beet under cadmium exposure.

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) shows potential as an energy crop for cadmium (Cd) phytoremediation. To elucidate its in vivo response strategy to Cd exposure, seedlings were treated with 1, 3, and 5 mmol/L CdCl (Cd-1, Cd-3, and Cd-5) for 6 h, using 0 mmol/L CdCl (Cd-0) as the control.

Amphipathic Astaxanthin Additive for Low Voltage-loss Perovskite Solar Cells With Enhanced Quasi-Fermi Level Splitting and Solar Hydrogen Production Application.

Even though the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is nearly approaching the Schottky-Queisser limit, low open-circuit voltage (V) and severe V loss problems continue to impede the improvement of PCEs. Astaxanthin (ASTA) additive is introduced in the formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI) perovskite film as an additive, which can facilitate the transportation of charge carriers and interact with Pb by its distinctive groupings. Furthermore, the addition of ASTA decreases the defect's active energy, regulates the deep-level defect by filling up the grain boundaries (GBs), and promotes the crystallization of perovskite film.

MicroRNAs Participate in Morphological Acclimation of Sugar Beet Roots to Nitrogen Deficiency.

Nitrogen (N) is essential for sugar beet ( L.), a highly N-demanding sugar crop. This study investigated the morphological, subcellular, and microRNA-regulated responses of sugar beet roots to low N (LN) stress (0.

The synergistic effect of Cd-doped and S-vacancies in CdZnInS 2D nanosheets for high-performance triethylamine sensing.

Ternary metal sulfides with suitable band gaps, high physicochemical stability, and unique two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures are expected to be the next-generation high-performance gas sensors following the MOS type. Doping engineering is utilized as an effective strategy to improve the semiconductor surface activity and enhance its gas-sensitive properties. In this paper, the energy band structure and surface chemical oxygen of ZnInS (ZIS) materials was tuned by selectively introducing substitutional Cd to replace the Zn sites in ZIS crystals.

Role of second-sphere arginine residues in metal binding and metallocentre assembly in nitrile hydratases.

Two conserved second-sphere βArg (R) residues in nitrile hydratases (NHase), that form hydrogen bonds with the catalytically essential sulfenic and sulfinic acid ligands, were mutated to Lys and Ala residues in the Co-type NHase from Pseudonocardia thermophila JCM 3095 (PtNHase) and the Fe-type NHase from Rhodococcus equi TG328-2 (ReNHase). Only five of the eight mutants (PtNHase βR52A, βR52K, βR157A, βR157K and ReNHase βR61A) were successfully expressed and purified. Apart from the PtNHase βR52A mutant that exhibited no detectable activity, the k values obtained for the PtNHase and ReNHase βR mutant enzymes were between 1.

Design, Synthesis, and Mechanistic Studies of ()-3-Amino-5,5-difluorocyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic Acid as an Inactivator of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase.

Human ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme, has been shown to play an essential role in the metabolic reprogramming and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC accounts for approximately 75% of primary liver cancers and is within the top three causes of cancer death worldwide. As a result of treatment limitations, the overall 5-year survival rate for all patients with HCC is under 20%.

Enhancing tumor-specific recognition of programmable synthetic bacterial consortium for precision therapy of colorectal cancer.

Probiotics hold promise as a potential therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), but encounter obstacles related to tumor specificity, drug penetration, and dosage adjustability. In this study, genetic circuits based on the E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) chassis were developed to sense indicators of tumor microenvironment and control the expression of therapeutic payloads.

A Novel Underwater Acoustic Target Recognition Method Based on MFCC and RACNN.

In ocean remote sensing missions, recognizing an underwater acoustic target is a crucial technology for conducting marine biological surveys, ocean explorations, and other scientific activities that take place in water. The complex acoustic propagation characteristics present significant challenges for the recognition of underwater acoustic targets (UATR). Methods such as extracting the DEMON spectrum of a signal and inputting it into an artificial neural network for recognition, and fusing the multidimensional features of a signal for recognition, have been proposed.

A critical inter-subunit interaction for the transmission of the allosteric signal in the Agrobacterium tumefaciens ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a key regulatory enzyme involved in starch and glycogen synthesis in plants and bacteria, respectively. It has been hypothesized that inter-subunit communications are important for the allosteric effect in this enzyme. However, no specific interactions have been identified as part of the regulatory signal.

Genome-wide association study of drought tolerance traits in sugar beet germplasms at the seedling stage.

Sugar beets are an important crop for global sugar production. Intense drought and the increasing lack of water resources pose a great threat to sugar beet cultivation. It is a priority to investigate favourable germplasms and functional genes to improve the breeding of drought tolerant plants.

Genetic diversity and genome-wide association study of 13 agronomic traits in 977 Beta vulgaris L. germplasms.

Background: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an economically essential sugar crop worldwide. Its agronomic traits are highly diverse and phenotypically plastic, influencing taproot yield and quality.

Cercospora leaf spot disease of sugar beet.

Leaf spot disease caused by Sacc. is the most damaging foliar disease threatening sugar beet production worldwide. The wide spread of disease incurs a reduction of yield and economic losses.

Low nitrogen stress-induced transcriptome changes revealed the molecular response and tolerance characteristics in maintaining the C/N balance of sugar beet ( L.).

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants, acting as a common limiting factor for crop yield. The application of nitrogen fertilizer is related to the sustainable development of both crops and the environment. To further explore the molecular response of sugar beet under low nitrogen (LN) supply, transcriptome analysis was performed on the LN-tolerant germplasm '780016B/12 superior'.

Drought resistance evaluation of sugar beet germplasms by response of phenotypic indicators.

Sugar beet is a main sugar crop worldwide that often faces drought stress. The identification of drought tolerance of sugar beet germplasms is beneficial for breeding, but the research about it has been rarely reported. In this study, the drought tolerance of germplasms 92005-1, 94002-2 and 92021-1-1 was tested under simulated conditions.

Structural and Mechanistic Basis for the Inactivation of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase by (3,4)-3-Amino-4-fluorocyclopentenecarboxylic Acid.

Ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and we previously showed that inactivation of OAT inhibits the growth of HCC. Recently, we found that (3,4)-3-amino-4-fluorocyclopentenecarboxylic acid () was a potent inactivator of γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT), proceeding by an enamine mechanism. Here we describe our investigations into the activity and mechanism of as an inactivator of human OAT.

Mammalian dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase: Added mechanistic details from transient-state analysis of charge transfer complexes.

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is a flavin dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of the 5,6-vinylic bond of pyrimidines uracil and thymine with electrons from NADPH. DPD has two active sites that are separated by ∼60 Å. At one site NADPH binds adjacent to an FAD cofactor and at the other pyrimidine binds proximal to an FMN.

Interfacial Engineering of Au@NbCT-MXene Modulates the Growth Strain, Suppresses the Auger Recombination, and Enables an Open-Circuit Voltage of over 1.2 V in Perovskite Solar Cells.

Defects at the interface of charge transport layers can cause severe charge accumulation and poor charge transferability, which greatly affect the efficiency and stability of stannic oxide (SnO)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a new type of MXene (NbCT-MXene) is applied to the interface of SnO layers to passivate the interfacial defects and promote charge transport. NbCT-MXene in PSCs realizes the role of boosting the conductivity, reducing the tin vacancies in the interstitial void of the SnO layer, decreasing the defect density, and aligning the bandgap.

Tolerance and adaptation characteristics of sugar beet ( L.) to low nitrogen supply.

Nitrogen (N) is an essential element required for sugar beet growth. Sugar beets with low N (LN) tolerance and high N use efficiency are excellent materials for breeding. Here, we comprehensively evaluated the morphological and physiological responses of nine sugar beet genotypes to LN supply.

Acclimation of sugar beet in morphological, physiological and BvAMT1.2 expression under low and high nitrogen supply.

Understanding the response and tolerance mechanisms of nitrogen (N) stress is essential for the taproot plant of sugar beet. Hence, in this study, low (0.5 and 3 mmol/L; N0.