miR-16-5p specifically inhibits IFN-γ-regulated memory T helper cell differentiation in malignant pleural effusion of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The mechanism for memory T helper (Th) cell differentiation in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as small non-coding RNA that regulate gene expression, play a crucial role in the regulation of memory Th cell differentiation. However, whether miRNAs can inhibit the differentiation of memory Th cells in MPE of NSCLC has not been reported.

Gene Polymorphisms of m6A Erasers FTO and ALKBH1 Associated with Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and AlkB homolog 1 (ALKBH1) are m6A demethylases that have been demonstrated to be associated with the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer (GC). This study investigates the influence of genetic variants of and on susceptibility to GC.

Patients And Methods: Potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of and were genotyped in 419 patients with GC and 569 healthy controls by Kompetitive allele-specific PCR.

A diagnostic and predictive lncRNA promotes the proliferation and metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer cells by occupying miR-766-5p.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as important biological regulators in human cancers. The purpose of this study was to identify promising biomarkers for improved diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We analyzed the lncRNA expression profile of PTC patients and identified five upregulated and three downregulated lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for PTC in our cohorts, which were confirmed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.

Inherited rare and common variants in PTCH1 and PTCH2 contributing to the predisposition to reproductive cancers.

PTCH1 and PTCH2 are associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome and basal cell carcinoma. We determined the prevalence of their common and rare variants in 877 patients with various reproductive cancers and 296 healthy subjects. Using targeted next-generation sequencing, we found significantly statistical associations of the minor alleles at seven common variants of PTCH1 and PTCH2 with a decreased risk of reproductive cancers (P = 9.

Influence of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms on the survival of pediatric patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

This study evaluated the influence of C677T/A1298C polymorphisms on the survival of pediatric NHL. We enrolled 374 patients including 283 males and 91 females between 2014 and 2020. The median age was 9 years.

Relationship of HER2 Alteration and Microsatellite Instability Status in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: The impact of HER2 somatic mutations in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has not been well studied and its relationship with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is yet to be fully elucidated.

Materials And Methods: From February 2017 to February 2020, the data of patients with CRC who underwent next-generation sequencing and had detailed record of clinicopathological information were investigated. HER2 alteration and its relationship with MSI-H were analyzed.

Influence of UGT1A1 *6/*28 Polymorphisms on Irinotecan-Related Toxicity and Survival in Pediatric Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Solid Tumors Treated with the VIT Regimen.

Objective: The association between UGT1A1*6/*28 polymorphisms and treatment outcomes of irinotecan in children remains unknown. This retrospective study investigated the influence of UGT1A1*6/*28 polymorphisms on irinotecan toxicity and survival of pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.

Methods: The present study enrolled a total of 44 patients aged younger than 18 years at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 2014 and 2017.

Influence of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T and A1298C Polymorphism on High-Dose Methotrexate-Related Toxicities in Pediatric Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationships between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T/A1298C and high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX)-related toxicities in pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 93 NHL patients aged under 18 years who received HD-MTX therapy at the dose of 5 g/m with 24-h infusion at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 2014 and 2019.

Results: There were 61 males and 32 females, with a median age of 8.

Comparison of the diagnostic performances of US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology and thyroglobulin measurement for lymph node metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: Ultrasound (US)-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and thyroglobulin measurement (FNA-Tg) are two common methods for confirming lymph node metastases (LNM) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). This study aimed at comparing the diagnostic performance of FNAC, FNA-Tg alone, and in combination by means of a meta-analysis.

Methods: Eligible articles were selected according to predefined criteria, and their quality was evaluated as per the QUADAS-2 checklist.

Polymorphisms in matricellular SPP1 and SPARC contribute to susceptibility to papillary thyroid cancer.

There is a compelling need to identify novel genetic variants for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) susceptibility. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data showed associations between SPP1 and SPARC mRNA overexpression and aggressive behaviors of PTC, which prompted us to assess potential associations between genetic variants in these genes and PTC risk. Three highly linked SPARC loci (rs1054204, rs3210714, and rs3549) contributed to reduced PTC risk under a codominant model (odds ratio [OR], 0.

lncRNA GAS8-AS1 genetic alterations in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their clinical significance.

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) GAS8-AS1 is the second-most frequently altered gene, following the BRAF gene, in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We aimed to study the specificity and significance of genetic alterations in GAS8-AS1 in PTC. In this study, we reported the prevalence of genetic alterations of GAS8-AS1 in tissues of 48 nodular goiter, 573 papillary thyroid cancer, 95 colorectal cancer, 101 non-small cell lung cancer, 92 glioma, and 69 gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients, and in peripheral white blood cells of 286 healthy volunteers.

Observational cohort study of clinical outcome in Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric cancer patients.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) has unique clinicopathologic features and our present understanding of its treatment outcome is limited. Here, we investigated the clinical outcomes of resectable and metastatic EBVaGC cases with regards to their respective treatment.

Methods: We retrieved the data of EBVaGC patients treated at our center from October 2014 to June 2019.

Classification of gastric cancer by EBV status combined with molecular profiling predicts patient prognosis.

Purpose: To identify how Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status combined with molecular profiling predicts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients and their associated clinical actionable biomarkers.

Experimental Design: A next-generation sequencing assay targeting 295 cancer-related genes was performed in 73 EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) and 75 EBV-negative gastric cancer (EBVnGC) specimens and these results were compared with overall survival (OS).

Results: PIK3CA, ARID1A, SMAD4, and PIK3R1 mutated significantly more frequently in EBVaGC compared with their corresponding mutation rate in EBVnGC.

Associations between lncRNA-related polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: A two-stage case-control study.

Background And Aim: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer risk, but their association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. We examined the association of lncRNA-related SNPs with HCC susceptibility and explored the optimal genetic models for SNPs.

Methods: Five candidate SNPs linked with digestive tumors were first genotyped in a screening population of 700 HCC and 2800 control cases.

TSHR rs2288496 associated with thyroid hormone and predict the occurrence of lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the association of potential functional tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in BRAF and TSHR with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Two tagSNPs (rs6464149 and rs7810757) in BRAF and six tagSNPs (rs17630128, rs2075179, rs7144481, rs2371462, rs2268477, and rs2288496) in TSHR were genotyped in 300 cases of PTC and 252 healthy controls. There was no difference in the genotype frequencies of BRAF and TSHR between PTC patients and control subjects, suggesting no contribution of BRAF or TSHR polymorphisms to the susceptibility to PTC.

A systematic review and quantitative assessment of methylation biomarkers in fecal DNA and colorectal cancer and its precursor, colorectal adenoma.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises from accumulated genetic and epigenetic alterations, which provide the possibility to identify tumor-specific biomarkers by analyzing fecal DNA. Methylation status in human genes from tumor tissue is highlighted as promising biomarker in the early detection of CRC. A number of studies have documented altered methylation levels in DNA extracted from stool samples, but generated heterogeneous results.

Dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid inhibits breast cancer growth by suppressing angiogenesis via inhibition of the CUX1/FGF1/HGF signalling pathway.

Tumour growth depends on a continual supply of the nutrients and oxygen, which are offered by tumour angiogenesis. Our previous study showed that dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid (DPPA), a bioactive phospholipid, inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells. However, its direct effect on angiogenesis remains unknown.

The immune characterization of interferon-β responses in tuberculosis patients.

We aimed to assess the immunoregulatory effects of IFN-β in patients with tuberculous pleurisy. IFN-β, IFN-γ and IL-17 expression levels were detected, and correlations among these factors in different culture groups were analyzed. Pleural fluid mononuclear cells (PFMC) from tuberculous pleural effusions, but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors, spontaneously expressed IFN-β, IL-17 and IFN-γ.

Andrographolide Inhibits Angiogenesis by Inhibiting the Mir-21-5p/TIMP3 Signaling Pathway.

Angiogenesis provides nutrients and oxygen to promote tumor growth and affords a channel that facilitates tumor cell entry into the circulation. Andrographolide (Andro) possess anti-tumor activity; however, its direct effect on angiogenesis still needs to be clarified. In this study, our experiments revealed that Andro significantly inhibited vascular growth in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and yolk sac membrane (YSM) models.

Dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid inhibits tumor growth in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis, accounting for approximately 12-24% of breast cancer cases. Accumulating evidence has indicated that there is no effective targeted therapy available for TNBC. Dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid (DPPA) is a bioactive phospholipid.

CD11b deficiency suppresses intestinal tumor growth by reducing myeloid cell recruitment.

Mac-1 (CD11b) is expressed on bone marrow-derived immune cells. CD11b binds to ligands to regulate leukocyte adhesion and migration across the endothelium or epithelium. Here, we employed CD11b knockout mice and an Apc(Min/+) spontaneous intestinal adenoma mouse model to clarify the function of CD11b in intestinal tumorigenesis.

Slit2/Robo1 signaling promotes intestinal tumorigenesis through Src-mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Slit2 is often overexpressed in cancers. Slit2 is a secreted protein that binds to Roundabout (Robo) receptors to regulate cell growth and migration. Here, we employed several complementary mouse models of intestinal cancers, including the Slit2 transgenic mice, the ApcMin/+ spontaneous intestinal adenoma mouse model, and the DMH/DSS-induced colorectal carcinoma model to clarify function of Slit2/Robo1 signaling in intestinal tumorigenesis.

Andrographolide inhibits melanoma tumor growth by inactivating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

The TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway plays a critical role in tumor progression. Andrographolide (Andro) has been reported to have anticancer activity in multiple types of cancer. However, the pharmacological activities of Andro in melanoma are not completely understood.