Clinical and Biomechanical Evaluation of the Softball Pitcher: A Review of Current Concepts and Clinical Commentary.

Background: The windmill softball pitch (WSP) is a vastly understudied human motion relative to its counterpart the overhand baseball pitch (OBP). A large body of research has been conducted to understand the kinematics and kinetics of the OBP. Better understanding of the kinematics and kinetics of the WSP may help provide better pitch volume guidelines, physical performance preparation, and injury prevention programs.

Posterior hip instability relocation testing: a resident's case report.

Background: Micro-instability (non-radiographic clinical instability) continues to gain recognition as a problem at the hip. Although most research has been directed to anterior hip instability, posterior hip instability (PHI) has also garnered attention. PHI is under recognized, difficult to identify, and confused with other hip pathologies such as a simple sprain or strain.

Change in spine height measurements following sustained mid-range and end-range flexion of the lumbar spine.

Workers lose height during the day. Flexion-based exercises and body positions are commonly prescribed to unload the spine and prevent back pain. Lumbar extension positions have been researched and result in an increase in spine height.