Depleting CD103+ resident memory T cells in vivo reveals immunostimulatory functions in oral mucosa.

The oral mucosa is a frontline for microbial exposure and juxtaposes several unique tissues and mechanical structures. Based on parabiotic surgery of mice receiving systemic viral infections or co-housing with microbially diverse pet shop mice, we report that the oral mucosa harbors CD8+ CD103+ resident memory T cells (TRM), which locally survey tissues without recirculating. Oral antigen re-encounter during the effector phase of immune responses potentiated TRM establishment within tongue, gums, palate, and cheek.

Process based life-cycle assessment of natural gas from the Marcellus Shale.

The Marcellus Shale (MS) represents a large potential source of energy in the form of tightly trapped natural gas (NG). Producing this NG requires the use of energy and water, and has varying environmental impacts, including greenhouse gases. One well-established tool for quantifying these impacts is life-cycle assessment (LCA).

The DSM Guided Cannabis Screen (DSM-G-CS): description, reliability, factor structure and empirical scoring with a clinical sample.

Clinicians need cannabis-specific diagnostic screens compatible with DSM-IV-TR and proposed DSM-5. A clinical sample (n=174) completed the DSM-Guided-Cannabis Screen (DSM-G-CS) 21 and 11 criteria versions and three drug comparison measures. DSM-G-CS descriptive statistics, reliabilities, three factor analyses, and eight ROC and discriminant analyses evaluated construct validity and empirical scoring.

Comparison of identification of Chinese versus English words with brief exposures.

The orthographic differences between Chinese and English should influence the identification of words in the two languages. This study compared the identification of 50 Chinese and 50 comparable English words by 17 Chinese and 17 English participants, respectively. For English words, correlation and analysis of variance indicated significant effects for frequency and letter count.

The Marijuana Screening Inventory (MSI-X): concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity with multiple measures.

This study evaluates the concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity between the MSI-X and five other instruments completed by 107 adults. Pearson correlation analysis with follow-up t-tests found concurrent validity between the MSI-X, Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-20), five Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI-3) subscales, a Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) IV-TR Guided Marijuana Inventory, and two Addiction Severity Index variables. As evidence of MSI-X discriminant validity, no correlations were found with three alcohol measures.

Utilizing a substance use attitudes, practices and knowledge survey for multidisciplinary curriculum development.

Development and administration of a substance use attitudes questionnaire to social work students and clinicians, physician assistant students and practitioners, and medical interns is described.

The Marijuana Screening Inventory (MSI-X): reliability, factor structure, and scoring criteria with a clinical sample.

Objective: This study continues the psychometric evaluation of a 31-item Marijuana Screening Inventory (MSI-X) with adults referred to a substance abuse clinic, by determining MSI-X reliability, factor structure, scoring cutoff accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with a DSM-IV-TR criterion measure.

Method: A "marijuana inventory" containing demographic, MSI-X, and DSM IV-TR diagnostic items was administered to 107 adults undergoing substance-use evaluation.

Results: The MSI-X reliability was .

EEG alpha desynchronization in musicians and nonmusicians in response to changes in melody, tempo, and key in classical music.

Two experiments were performed to examine musicians' and nonmusicians' electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to changes in major dimensions (tempo, melody, and key) of classical music. In Exp. 1, 12 nonmusicians' and 12 musicians' EEGs during melody and tempo changes in classical music showed more alpha desynchronization in the left hemisphere (F3) for changes in tempo than in the right.

A marijuana screening inventory (experimental version): description and preliminary psychometric properties.

Objective: Marijuana use prevalence, culturally confusing messages about marijuana risks, assessment dilemmas, and current screening inadequacies justify developing a marijuana specific screening inventory for assessment purposes. This article describes the Marijuana Screening Inventory (MSI-X) and its preliminary psychometric reliability, factor analyses, and factor structure.

Method: The MSI-X was administered to a community sample of 420 Army reservists participating in substance abuse educational classes.

A pilot study using the group environment scale to evaluate first-year resident support groups.

Background And Objectives: Resident support groups are not universally accepted nor without controversy. Existing descriptive studies suggest the need for better evaluation methods. This study tests a quantitative method for assessing resident support groups using a standardized questionnaire to evaluate changes occurring during support group participation.