LncRNA HIF1A-AS2: a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and predictor of left ventricular dysfunction.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the subject of many clinical studies as it enables an effective therapy, preventing adverse progression of AMI and increasing survival rates. Recent studies have revealed that specific blood-based long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in patients with AMI and serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic tools. The current study aimed to determine the potential role of a hypoxia-responsive lncRNA, hypoxia-inducible factor 1A antisense RNA 2 (HIF1A-AS2), as a biomarker for early diagnosis and predictor of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD).

PCDH17 gene promoter methylation status in a cohort of Egyptian women with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background And Objective: Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of female mortality. Epigenetic changes occur in early stages of carcinogenesis and represent a marker for cancer diagnosis. Protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in cell adhesion and apoptosis.

Preliminary results of targeted sequencing of and in a cohort of breast cancer families: New insight into pathogenic variants in patients and at‑risk relatives.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and a major health concern in Egypt. There is a known association between pathogenic variants identified in breast cancer susceptibility gene ()1 and 2 and the risk of developing BC. However, the number of studies investigating mutations in and in Egypt remains limited.

MicroRNA155 Expression in Different Phenotypes and Genotypes of Behçet's Disease in a Sample of Egyptian Patients.

Aim: To display microRNA155 (miRNA155) expression in different entities of Behçet's disease (BD), and to find out if expression is affected in more than one of disease status than another, either phenotypically, according to HLA B51 expression, presence of family history, or patients' age.

Methods: Thirty BD patients (13 of which were HLAB51 positive) and 15 healthy subjects' samples were obtained. White blood cell miRNA155 expression in both types of samples was estimated.

Identification of the possible therapeutic targets in the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor pathway in a cohort of Egyptian hepatocellular carcinoma complicating chronic hepatitis C type 4.

Background: Molecular targeted drugs are the first line of treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to its chemo- and radioresistant nature. HCC has several well-documented etiologic factors that drive hepatocarcinogenesis through different molecular pathways. Currently, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of HCC.

Study of microRNA Profile as a Molecular Biomarker in Egyptian Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

MicroRNAs target mRNAs for cleavage or translational repression. They play a critical role in the progression of malignancies and leukemias including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, microRNA expression levels in Egyptian patients with CLL, and their prognostic value remain elusive.

MicroRNA155 Expression in Relation to BDCAF Scored Behçet's Disease in an Egyptian Patients' Sample.

Objective: To discover the possibility of using microRNA155 (miRNA155) expression level as a biomarker of Behçet's Disease (BD) activity or remission.

Methods: Thirty BD patients' white blood cells (WBCs) miRNA155 expression was measured and compared to WBCs miRNA155 expression in 15 healthy subjects. Assessment of disease activity was done using Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF).

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a sample of the adult population of Alexandria, Egypt.

Aims: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a sample of the adult population of Alexandria, Egypt, and to delineate the epidemiologic profile of the disease in this community.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of the population. Participants provided demographic data, their medical history, and blood samples for measurement of plasma glucose (fasting and after oral glucose load) and underwent a detailed physical examination.

The status of epidermal growth factor receptor in borderline ovarian tumours.

The majority of borderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) behave in a benign fashion, but some may show aggressive behavior. The reason behind this has not been elucidated. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is known to contribute to cell survival signals as well as metastatic potential of some tumours.

Nonenriched PCR Versus Mutant-Enriched PCR in Detecting Selected Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Mutations Among Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Background: Biopsies obtained from lung cancers contain a mixture of cancerous and healthy tissues. The mutant-enriched polymerase chain reaction (ME-PCR) identifies low-level somatic DNA mutations within an excess wild-type sample.

Aims: This study aimed at comparing nonenriched PCR (NE-PCR) versus ME-PCR for the detection of two epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations among nonsmall cell lung cancer patients.

Associating functional groups to multiple clinical types using combined t-test scores and contingency-based measures: a study on breast cancer genes.

Stemming from the need to score relations between functional groups of genes and multiple clinical types associated with a tumour, this study proposes to use contingency-based measures to quantify such relations. It aims at reflecting a relative measure of association within a specific set of functional groups, and a specific set of clinical statuses. The proposed methodology is based on extracting features (scores) from expression sets that relate genes to multiple cancer subtypes (clinical statuses), and use those features (scores) to associate cancer subtypes with functional groups.

Gremlin in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma complicating chronic hepatitis C: an immunohistochemical and PCR study of human liver biopsies.

Background: The possible role of secretory products of fibrous tissue in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating chronic hepatitis C was investigated. Our hypothesis was that gremlin, secreted by fibroblasts, inhibited bone morphogenic protein (BMP), which mediates stem cell maturation into adult functioning hepatocytes, and thus, arrest stem cell maturation and promoted their proliferation in an immature state possibly culminating into development of HCCs.

Results: Protein expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), and mRNA expression of gremlin and BMP-7 were studied in 35 cases of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC complicating chronic hepatitis C.

Maternal serum alpha fetoprotein among pregnant females in Alexandria.

Unlabelled: Maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (MSAFP) was introduced as a screening test for congenital malformations especially neural tube defects (NTDs) two decades ago. However, many factors were known to affect its level. From these are racial differences and maternal weight.

Telomerase activity in Philadelphia positive chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Telomerase is a specialized type of reverse transcriptase that catalyzes the synthesis and extension of telomeric DNA. Activation of telomerase and stabilization of telomeres are considered necessary for immortalization of tumor cells. Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is a good example to investigate the reactivation of telomerase as; after a variable period in chronic phase, CML undergoes further evolution.