Incidence of Graves' Disease with Validation and Completeness of the Diagnosis for Registry Extracts in the Danish National Patient Register.

Purpose: Graves' disease (GD) is one of the most common causes of thyrotoxicosis. It has been proposed to identify incident GD by using the GD-specific code, E05.0, of the 10th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) in the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR).

Semaglutide as a promising treatment for hypothalamic obesity: a six-month case series on four females with craniopharyngioma.

Purpose: Patients with hypothalamic pathology often develop hypothalamic obesity, causing severe metabolic alterations resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Treatments for hypothalamic obesity have not proven very effective, although the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide has been shown to have positive effects. We examined semaglutide's effect on weight loss in a sample of patients with hypothalamic obesity.

Acromegaly management in the Nordic countries: A Delphi consensus survey.

Objective: Acromegaly is associated with increased morbidity and mortality if left untreated. The therapeutic options include surgery, medical treatment, and radiotherapy. Several guidelines and recommendations on treatment algorithms and follow-up exist.

Changes in acromegaly comorbidities, treatment, and outcome over three decades: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To study the time-dependent changes in disease features of Danish patients with acromegaly, including treatment modalities, biochemical outcome, and comorbidities, with a particular focus on cancer and mortality.

Methods: Pertinent acromegaly-related variables were collected from 739 patients diagnosed since 1990. Data are presented across three decades (1990-1999, 2000-2009, and 2010-2021) based on the year of diagnosis or treatment initiation.

The changing landscape of acromegaly - an epidemiological perspective.

Acromegaly is a rare disease and thus challenging to accurately quantify epidemiologically. In this comprehensive literature review, we compare different approaches to studying acromegaly from an epidemiological perspective and describe the temporal evolution of the disease pertaining to epidemiological variables, clinical presentation and mortality. We present updated epidemiological data from the population-based Danish cohort of patients with acromegaly (Acro), along with meta-analyses of existing estimates from around the world.

The TRH test provides valuable information in the diagnosis of central hypothyroidism in patients with known pituitary disease and low T4 levels.

Objective: To evaluate the value of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test in the diagnosis of central hypothyroidism (CH) in patients with pituitary disease.

Methods: Systematic evaluation of 359 TRH tests in patients with pituitary disease including measurements of thyroxine (T4), TBG-corrected T4 (T4), baseline TSH (TSH) and relative or absolute TSH increase (TSH, TSH).

Results: Patients diagnosed with CH (n=39) show comparable TSH (p-value 0.

Bone parameters in T1D and T2D assessed by DXA and HR-pQCT - A cross-sectional study: The DIAFALL study.

Introduction/aim: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an increased risk of fractures due to skeletal fragility. We aimed to compare areal bone mineral density (aBMD), volumetric BMD (vBMD), cortical and trabecular measures, and bone strength parameters in participants with diabetes vs. controls.

Gene expression profiling of subcutaneous adipose tissue reveals new biomarkers in acromegaly.

Context: Active acromegaly is characterized by lipolysis-induced insulin resistance, which suggests adipose tissue (AT) as a primary driver of metabolic aberrations.

Objective: To study the gene expression landscape in AT in patients with acromegaly before and after disease control in order to understand the changes and to identify disease-specific biomarkers.

Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on paired subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies from six patients with acromegaly at time of diagnosis and after curative surgery.

Ectopic lipid deposition and insulin resistance in patients with GH disorders before and after treatment.

Objectives: Insulin resistance is associated with ectopic lipid deposition. Growth hormone (GH) status also modulates ectopic lipid accumulation, but how this associates with insulin resistance in patients with GH disorders is not well established.

Design And Methods: Twenty-one patients diagnosed with acromegaly and 12 patients with adult GH deficiency (GHD) were studied at diagnosis and after treatment.

Impaired postural control in diabetes-a predictor of falls?

Unlabelled: New evidence points toward that impaired postural control judged by center of pressure measures during quiet stance is a predictor of falls in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes-even in occurrence of well-known risk factors for falls.

Introduction/aim: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at risk of falling, but the association with impaired postural control is unclear. Therefore, the aim was to investigate postural control by measuring the center of pressure (CoP) during quiet standing and to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of falls and the fear of falling among people with diabetes compared to controls.

The prevalence of acromegaly is higher than previously reported: Changes over a three-decade period.

Objective: To study time-related changes in the prevalence and patient characteristics of acromegaly, as well as to assess the impact of changes in treatment on disease control.

Methods: A total of 107 patients with acromegaly were identified by healthcare registries and subsequently validated by patient chart review over a three-decade period (1992-2021). A systematic literature review focusing on the incidence and prevalence of acromegaly was performed identifying 31 studies.

Sex differences in acromegaly at diagnosis: A nationwide cohort study and meta-analysis of the literature.

Objective: Data on sex differences in acromegaly at the time of diagnosis vary considerably between studies.

Design: A nationwide cohort study including all incident cases of acromegaly (1978-2010, n = 596) and a meta-analysis on sex differences in active acromegaly (40 studies) were performed.

Method: Sex-dependent differences in prevalence, age at diagnosis, diagnostic delay, pituitary adenoma size, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and growth hormone (GH) concentrations were estimated.

Increased Risk of Falls, Fall-related Injuries and Fractures in People with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes - A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Introduction: People with diabetes could have an increased risk of falls as they show more complications, morbidity and use of medication compared to the general population. This study aimed to estimate the risk of falls and to identify risk factors associated with falls in people with diabetes. The second aim was to estimate fall-related injuries, such as lesions and fractures, including their anatomic localization in people with diabetes compared with the general population.

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Treatment and the Risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Denmark: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Five Years of Use.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been associated with increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in both people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Few studies using data from high-quality registries exist that attempt to determine the real- world impact of the increasing use of this drug.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk of DKA in connection with SGLT2i treatment in Denmark between 2013-2017.

Disease Control and Gender Predict the Socioeconomic Effects of Acromegaly: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Context: Acromegaly is an insidious disease associated with severe somatic morbidity but data on socioeconomic status are scarce.

Objective: To study the socioeconomic status in acromegaly in a population-based follow-up study.

Methods: All incident cases of acromegaly (n = 576) during the period 1977-2010 were included.

Phenotypic and genotypic features of a large kindred with a germline AIP variant.

Context: Acromegaly is usually a sporadic disease, but familial cases occur. Mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) gene are associated with familial pituitary adenoma predisposition. However, the pathogenicity of some AIP variants remains unclear and additional unknown genes may be involved.

Diabetes and fractures: new evidence of atypical femoral fractures?

Unlabelled: Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of fractures. In this study, subtrochanteric and femoral shaft fractures were increased in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with the general population. In the light of this, more evidence points towards an association between diabetes and atypical femoral fractures.

Fibroblast Activation Protein is a GH Target: A Prospective Study of Patients with Acromegaly Before and After Treatment.

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a circulating hormone with pleiotropic metabolic effects, which is inactivated by fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Data regarding interaction between FGF21, FAP, and growth hormone (GH) are limited, but it is noteworthy that collagens are also FAP substrates, since GH potently stimulates collagen turnover.

Aim: To measure circulating FGF21 components, including FAP, in patients with acromegaly before and after disease control.

Determinants of the growth hormone nadir during oral glucose tolerance test in adults.

Objective: Growth hormone (GH) nadir (GHnadir) during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is an important tool in diagnosing acromegaly, but data evaluating the need to adjust cut-offs to biological variables utilizing today's assay methods are scarce. We therefore investigated large cohorts of healthy subjects of both sexes to define normal GHnadir concentrations for a modern, sensitive, 22 kD-GH-specific assay.

Design: Multicenter study with prospective and retrospective cohorts (525 healthy adults: 405 females and 120 males).

Falls and Fractures in Diabetes-More than Bone Fragility.

Purpose Of Review: Based on a systematic literature search, we performed a comprehensive review of risk factors for falls and fractures in patients with diabetes.

Recent Findings: Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of fractures partly explained by increased bone fragility. Several risk factors as altered body composition including sarcopenia and obesity, impaired postural control, gait deficits, neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, and other co-morbidities are considered to increase the risk of falling.