The Role of Non Invasive Diagnosis of Internal Jugular Vein Phlebectasia.

Phlebectasia is the abnormal saccular fusiform dilatation (without tortuosity) of a vein, which may affect any vein. Its etiology remains unknown and it is seen usually in the pediatric age group as a unilateral lower neck swelling, mostly on the right side. The other differential diagnoses of the neck swellings which increase in size during a Valsalva manoeuver are tumors or cysts of the upper mediastinum, external laryngeal diverticulum or laryngoceles.

The Role of Occlusion of the External Ear Canal in Hearing Loss.

Objective: The objectives are to determine and compare the degrees of hearing loss upon occlusion of the cartilaginous and the bony portion of the external ear canal (EAC).

Methods: There were 20 healthy participants with normal ears, and all gave an informed consent. After an otoscopy, a baseline pure tone audiogram (PTA) was conducted.