The Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: A Tertiary Center Experience.

Introduction The aim of the present study was to describe our institution's nine years of experience in the endoscopic endonasal management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and to discuss the causes, sites, and outcomes.  Methodology The medical records of patients diagnosed with CSF rhinorrhea in King Abdulaziz Medical City-Jeddah (KAMC-J) between 2014 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed, and all relevant information including body mass index, medical and surgical history, and postoperative outcomes were obtained. Results A total of 20 cases were included in the present study, sixteen (80%) of which were females and four (20%) were males.

Patterns of self-reported recovery from chemosensory dysfunction following SARS-CoV-2 infection: insights after 1 year of the pandemic.

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes chemosensory dysfunction.

Aims/objectives: To determine the characteristics of chemosensory dysfunction and to identify factors associated with chemosensory complete recovery and time to recovery.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included all patients presenting with chemosensory dysfunction and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from May to August 2020 who underwent telemedicine follow-up after 1 year to assess their chemosensory recovery.

Infected Concha Bullosa Mucocele: A Case Report.

Concha bullosa (CB) is a common sinonasal anatomic variant. The obstruction of a CB, though rare, might result in mucocele that may be misdiagnosed. In this report, we present a case of a 32-year-old female with a one-year history of unilateral nasal obstruction, headache, facial pain, foul nasal discharge, and hyposmia, initially misdiagnosed as a neoplasm.

Tracheotomy Outcomes in 71 COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-Centric Study in Saudi Arabia.

Since its outbreak in late 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has seen a sharp rise in the demand for oxygen and ventilation facilities due to the associated extensive damage that it causes to the lungs. This study is considered the first and largest study in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the outcomes of tracheostomy in intubated COVID-19 patients. This is a retrospective, observational cohort study that was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Jeddah, Western Region, Saudi Arabia and King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Thyroid Nodule Size and Prediction of Cancer: A Study at Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Background Thyroid noduleshave become relatively common in clinical practice,and their prevalence increases with age. The majority of thyroid nodules are benign, with 5-15% being malignant. There are a number of well-established predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules, but thyroid nodule size has been a cause for concern for many researchers and results of the studies are still controversial about their probability of malignancy.

Correction: Deep Neck Space Infections: A Retrospective Study of 183 Cases at a Tertiary Hospital.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6841.

Deep Neck Space Infections: A Retrospective Study of 183 Cases at a Tertiary Hospital.

Objective Our study was performed to identify the clinical findings, risk factors, and complications of deep neck space infections (DNSI) at our center and compare our experience with the experiences of others. Methods Retrospectively, 183 cases of DNSI met our inclusion criteria from 2000 to 2018 at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Jeddah, Western Region, Saudi Arabia. Results In our study, analysis showed that males are more likely to have DNSI (88.

Human papillomavirus: An unlikely etiologic factor in sinonasal inverted papilloma.

Objectives/hypothesis: Tenuous evidence has supported the hypothesis that sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) arise from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. To clarify the role of HPV in SNIP, all known HPV sub-types were evaluated by employing a robust polymerase chain reaction-based method in a wide variety of SNIPs from a single institution.

Study Design: Retrospective surgical specimen tumor sample analysis.

Prospective clinical trial of gelatin-thrombin matrix as first line treatment of posterior epistaxis.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the effectiveness of gelatin-thrombin matrix for first line treatment of posterior epistaxis. Secondarily, we evaluated discomfort during treatment and the cost savings of treatment with gelatin-thrombin matrix compared to posterior packing, endoscopic, or endovascular treatment at our institution.

Study Design: Prospective pilot, nonblinded, noncontrolled registered clinical trial (NCT01098578).

Bacterial biofilms and the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Purpose Of Review: To review the evidence for the presence of bacterial biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and mechanisms by which they may contribute to the chronic inflammation characteristic of this disease. Lastly, to provide an overview of the current and potential future treatments for bacterial biofilms in CRS.

Recent Findings: Advances in the techniques for identifying biofilms have confirmed the presence of bacterial biofilms on the sinonasal mucosa of patients with CRS.

Manuka honey: histological effect on respiratory mucosa.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease in which bacteria are commonly implicated often in the form of a biofilm. Manuka honey has been shown in vitro to be an effective treatment against two common CRS pathogens both in the planktonic and in the biofilm forms. The purpose of this study was to determine if the application of manuka honey to respiratory epithelium would result in histological evidence of epithelial injury.