Genome-Wide Identification of Gene Families and Haplotype Analysis of in Foxtail Millet ().

Nitrogen is a critical factor in plant growth, development, and crop yield. NODULE-INCEPTION-like proteins (NLPs), which are plant-specific transcription factors, function as nitrate sensors and play a vital role in the nitrogen response of plants. However, the genome-wide identification of the gene family, the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism governing nitrogen response, and haplotype mining remain elusive in millet.

QTL mapping for seed vigor-related traits under artificial aging in common wheat in two introgression line (IL) populations.

Background: Seed vigor recognized as a quantitative trait is of particular importance for agricultural production. However, limited knowledge is available for understanding genetic basis of wheat seed vigor.

Methods: The aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for 10 seed vigor-related traits representing multiple aspects of seed-vigor dynamics during artificial aging with 6 different treatment times (0, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h) under controlled conditions (48 °C, 95% humidity, and dark).

QTL Mapping of Trichome Traits and Analysis of Candidate Genes in Leaves of Wheat ( L.).

Trichome plays an important role in heat dissipation, cold resistance, water absorption, protection of leaves from mechanical damage, and direct exposure to ultraviolet rays. It also plays an important role in the photosynthesis, transpiration, and respiration of plants. However, the genetic basis of trichome traits is not fully understood in wheat.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Identify Critical Genes and Metabolites Associated with Seed Vigor of Common Wheat.

Seed aging is a common physiological phenomenon during storage which has a great impact on seed quality. An in-depth analysis of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of wheat seed aging is of great significance for cultivating high-vigor wheat varieties. This study reveals the physiological mechanisms of wheat seed aging in two cultivars differing in seed vigor, combining metabolome and transcriptome analyses.

Insights into the Bioinformatics and Transcriptional Analysis of the Elongator Complexes () Gene Family of Wheat: Contribute to Wheat Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Leaf Senescence.

Elongator complexes () are the protein complexes that promote transcription through histone acetylation in eukaryotic cells and interact with elongating RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). ' role in plant growth and development, signal transduction, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses have been confirmed in model plants. However, the functions of the wheat genes are not well documented.

H-pyrophosphatases enhance low nitrogen stress tolerance in transgenic and wheat by interacting with a receptor-like protein kinase.

Introduction: Nitrogen is a major abiotic stress that affects plant productivity. Previous studies have shown that plant H+-pyrophosphatases (H+-PPases) enhance plant resistance to low nitrogen stress. However, the molecular mechanism underlying H+-PPase-mediated regulation of plant responses to low nitrogen stress is still unknown.

Identification of long non-coding RNA-microRNA-mRNA regulatory modules and their potential roles in drought stress response in wheat ( L.).

Drought is one of the most severe abiotic stresses that influence wheat production across the globe. Understanding the molecular regulatory network of wheat in response to drought is of great importance in molecular breeding. Noncoding RNAs influence plant development and resistance to abiotic stresses by regulating gene expression.

Genome-wide association study of agronomic traits related to nitrogen use efficiency in wheat.

GWAS identified 347 QTLs associated with eight traits related to nitrogen use efficiency in a 389-count wheat panel. Four novel candidate transcription factor genes were verified using qRT-PCR. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plants that determines crop yield.

Analysis of Physiological and Transcriptomic Differences between a Premature Senescence Mutant () and Its Wild-Type in Common Wheat ( L.).

Premature leaf senescence has a profound influence on crop yield and quality. Here, a stable premature senescence mutant () was obtained from the common wheat ( L.) cultivar Chang 6878 by mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate.

Quantitative trait loci mapping and candidate gene analysis of stoma-related traits in wheat ( L.) glumes.

The photosynthesis of wheat glumes makes important contributions to the yield. Stomata play a crucial role in regulating photosynthesis and transpiration in plants. However, the genetic base of wheat glume stomata is not fully understood.

from Foxtail Millet () Confers Transgenic Rice Tolerance to High Salt Stress in the Field.

Salt stress is a major threat to crop quality and yield. Most experiments on salt stress-related genes have been conducted at the laboratory or greenhouse scale. Consequently, there is a lack of research demonstrating the merit of exploring these genes in field crops.

Transcriptome Differences in Response Mechanisms to Low-Nitrogen Stress in Two Wheat Varieties.

Nitrogen plays a crucial role in wheat growth and development. Here, we analyzed the tolerance of wheat strains XM26 and LM23 to low-nitrogen stress using a chlorate sensitivity experiment. Subsequently, we performed transcriptome analyses of both varieties exposed to low-nitrogen (LN) and normal (CK) treatments.

In Silico and Transcription Analysis of Trehalose-6-phosphate Phosphatase Gene Family of Wheat: Trehalose Synthesis Genes Contribute to Salinity, Drought Stress and Leaf Senescence.

Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase () genes take part in trehalose metabolism and also in stress tolerance, which has been well documented in many species but poorly understood in wheat. The present research has identified a family of 31 genes in L. through homology searches and classified them into five clades by phylogenetic tree analysis, providing evidence of an evolutionary status with and The exon-intron distribution revealed a discrete evolutionary history and projected possible gene duplication occurrences.

QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis of seed vigor-related traits during artificial aging in wheat (Triticum aestivum).

High vigor seeds have greater yield potential than those with low vigor; however, long-term storage leads to a decline in this trait. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seed vigor-related traits under artificial aging conditions using a high-density genetic linkage map of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and mine the related candidate genes. A doubled haploid population, derived from a cross between Hanxuan 10 × Lumai 14, was used as the experimental material.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs related to grain yield in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.].

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in diverse growth and development processes in plants. However, the systematic identification and characterization of lncRNAs in foxtail millet is nearly blank.

Results: In this study, we performed high-throughput sequencing of young spikelets from four foxtail millet varieties in different yield levels at booting stage.

[Effects of high CO concentration, drought, and their interaction on different stay-green wheat seedlings].

In this study, a pot experiment was carried out to examine the effects of high CO concentration, drought and interaction on seedling growth traits, biomass accumulation and physiological characteristics of different stay-green wheat seedlings, with a stay-green wheat variety Yannong 19 and a non stay-green wheat variety Hanxuan 3 as test materials. There were four treatments in the Open Top Chamber with factorial of CO concentration (370 μmol·mol vs 550 μmol·mol) and drought (45%-55% vs. 75%-85% of field water-holding capacity).

Mining the stable quantitative trait loci for agronomic traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) based on an introgression line population.

Background: Human demand for wheat will continue to increase together with the continuous global population growth. Agronomic traits in wheat are susceptible to environmental conditions. Therefore, in breeding practice, priority is given to QTLs of agronomic traits that can be stably detected across multiple environments and over many years.

QTL mapping for flag leaf-related traits and genetic effect of QFLW-6A on flag leaf width using two related introgression line populations in wheat.

The flag leaf is the main organ of photosynthesis during grain-filling period of wheat, and flag leaf-related traits affect plant morphology and yield potential. In this study, two BC3F6 introgression line (IL) populations derived from the common recipient parent Lumai 14 with Jing 411 and Shaanhan 8675, respectively, were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for flag leaf length (FLL), flag leaf width (FLW), flag leaf area (FLA) and chlorophyll content (CC) at flowering stage and 15 and 20 days after anthesis (DAA) in 2016-2017 (E1) and 2017-2018 (E2) two environments. A total of 14 and 15 QTLs for flag leaf-related traits were detected in Lumai 14 / Jing 411 and Lumai 14 / Shaanhan 8675 populations, respectively.

Identification of TaPPH-7A haplotypes and development of a molecular marker associated with important agronomic traits in common wheat.

Background: Premature senescence of flag leaf severely affects wheat yield and quality. Chlorophyll (Chl) degradation is the most obvious symptom during leaf senescence and catalyzed by a series of enzymes. Pheophytin pheophorbide hydrolase (Pheophytinase, PPH) gene encodes a Chl degradation hydrolase.

Association of yield-related traits in founder genotypes and derivatives of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Background: Yield improvement is an ever-important objective of wheat breeding. Studying and understanding the phenotypes and genotypes of yield-related traits has potential for genetic improvement of crops.

Results: The genotypes of 215 wheat cultivars including 11 founder parents and 106 derivatives were analyzed by the 9 K wheat SNP iSelect assay.

A Combined Association Mapping and Linkage Analysis of Kernel Number Per Spike in Common Wheat ( L.).

Kernel number per spike (KNPS) in wheat is a key factor that limits yield improvement. In this study, we genotyped a set of 264 cultivars, and a RIL population derived from the cross Yangmai 13/C615 using the 90 K wheat iSelect SNP array. We detected 62 significantly associated signals for KNPS at 47 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci through genome-wide association analysis of data obtained from multiple environments.

[Relationships of wheat leaf stomatal traits with wheat yield and drought-resistance].

Taking the DH population of wheat cultivar Hanxuan10/Lumai14 as test object, and by the methods of correlation analysis and path analysis, this paper studied the relationships of the flag leaf stomatal density (SD), stomatal length and width (SL and SW), stomatal conductance (g(s)), photosynthetic rate (P(n)), and transpiration rate (T(r)) on the 10th and 20th day after anthesis with the yield and the index of drought-resistance under the conditions of drought stress and normal irrigation. Under the two conditions, most of the test leaf traits on the 10th day after anthesis had less correlation with the yield and the index of drought-resistance, whereas the leaf traits on the 20th day after anthesis had significant positive correlations with thousand kernel weight but less correlation with grain number per ear, grain yield per plant, and index of drought-resistance. Path analysis showed that g(s), P(n), and T(r) were the main factors affecting the grain yield per plant (YPP) and the index of drought resistance (IDR), and the effects were stronger both in direct and in indirect ways.

[Drought-resistance of local wheat varieties in Shanxi Province of China: a comprehensive evaluation by using GGE biplot and subordinate function].

Taking 7 local wheat varieties in Shanxi Province of China and two other control varieties as test materials, this paper studied their morphological and physiological traits under normal and water stress field conditions. The drought-resistance coefficient of each index of the traits was calculated. On the basis of principal component analysis, the correlations between the drought-resistance indices and their relationships with the drought-resistance of different varieties were analyzed by GGE biplot, and the drought resistance of the wheat varieties was comprehensively evaluated with the combination of subordinate function and drought resistance index analysis.