[Epidemiological and clinical profile childhood cancers with pleural and pulmonary lesions in the pediatric oncology unit of Treichville University Hospital (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire)].

Introduction: Pediatric cancers are a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. However, they are seldom studied, especially as regards in their extensive forms.

Methodology: An eight-year retrospective and descriptive study was carried out so as to specify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cancers with pleural and pulmonary involvement in children of 0 to 14years of age in the pediatric oncology unit at the University Hospital of Treichville, Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast).

[Current situation of primary prophylaxis with isoniazid (INH) in children who are contacts of patients with bacillary pulmonary tuberculosis in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire)].

Introduction: The National tuberculosis program (NTP) in Ivory Coast recommends that children under 5 years living in a family environment with contagious tuberculosis patients, should receive Prophylactic treatment with INH (PTI), whatever the result of the tuberculin skin test (positive or negative) and their BCG status (vaccinated or not), at a dose of 5mg/kg/day for 6 months. We conducted this study to check the implementation of this recommendation in three support services of tuberculosis in Abidjan, the economic capital.

Material And Method: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional and descriptive study over 3 years (2011-2013), on consented patients, adolescents and adults aged at least 15 years, with a first episode of infectious pulmonary tuberculosis, in order to look for information on the INH prophylaxis in children under 5 years living under the same roof.

[Multidrug resistant tuberculosis among health personnel in Côte d'Ivoire].

Unlabelled: Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) of health workers raises the question of hospital-borne transmission of infection.

Observations: We report 4 cases of MDR-TB confirmed at the health workers over a period of 8 years (January, 2005 to December 2012), in the 2 services of pulmonology from Abidjan to Côte d'Ivoire). It was about young grown-up patients (aged between 28 and 39 years), all HIV negatives, in a no-win situation of antituberculosis treatment (3 patients/4).

[Ivory Coast physician's knowledge and attitudes about smoking in patients with tuberculosis].

Introduction: Smoking promotes, among other health problems, the development of tuberculosis and the discovery of a case of tuberculosis can therefore be an opportunity for tobacco control interventions.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study evaluating the knowledge of 37 Ivorian physicians (32 men and 5 women with 5 active smokers) on the relationship between smoking and tuberculosis and their attitudes to smoking tuberculous patients between February and August 2012 using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire.

Results: The response rate to the questionnaire was 88.

[Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in Ivory Coast].

Introduction: The emergence of tuberculosis with ultraresistant bacilli (TB-UR or XDR-TB) came to increase the threat concerning the progress realized in tuberculosis control. This observation establishes the only case of XDR-TB documented and published since the beginning of pharmacoresistant tuberculosis management in Ivory Coast from 2000 till 2010. This case was diagnosed in 2005 at a HIV-negative 32-year-old woman, initially declared MDR-TB.

[Fixed drug eruption after taking ethambutol].

Introduction: Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is a specific skin reaction and the only exclusively medicinal dermatosis. Among the drugs usually responsible are the antituberculous antibiotics including rifampicin and, less often, isoniazid and pyrazinamide. FDE after taking ethambutol is rarely described.

[Effects of war on control of tuberculosis in Côte d'Ivoire from 2002 to 2007].

Objectives: To specify consequences of armed conflict in Côte d'Ivoire from 2002 to 2007 on treatment outcomes of new cases of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB+) and retreatment cases.

Methodology: Retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes and reprocessing notified to the National Program against Tuberculosis from 2001 to 2008.

Results: Totally, 7,4232 cases of TPM+ and 5094 cases of reprocessing had been declared during the war period in Côte d'Ivoire.

[Simvastatin indused chylothorax].

Chylothorax is a rare disorder occurring most often in aftermath of a thoracic surgery or during cancer of mediastinum. We report the clinical history of the world's second case of chylothorax which appeared during treatment with simvastatin.