Exploring multiplex qPCR as a diagnostic tool for detecting microfilarial DNA in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis: A comparative analysis with the modified Knott's test.

Current recommendations to diagnose cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis in dogs caused by Dirofilaria immitis involves tandem antigen and circulating microfilariae tests. The modified Knott's test is an important tool in heartworm diagnosis, allowing identification of circulating microfilariae. However, the subjective nature of the modified Knott's test affects its accuracy and diagnostic laboratories usually do not provide a quantitative outcome.

Genome structure and population genomics of the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis.

The heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, is a filarial parasitic nematode responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in wild and domesticated canids. Resistance to macrocyclic lactone drug prevention represents a significant threat to parasite control and has prompted investigations to understand the genetic determinants of resistance. This study aimed to improve the genomic resources of D.

Whole-genome reference of from Australia to determine single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with macrocyclic lactone resistance in the USA.

For the past 30 years, chemoprophylaxis with macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics has been the primary strategy for canine heartworm () control in both the USA and Australia. ML-resistant isolates have been confirmed to exist in the USA and studies have shown that 42 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with phenotypic ML-resistance. Currently, ML-resistance has not been reported in any Australian clinical cases of canine heartworm.