Verification of Microwave Effects on Molecular Clusters by Using Supersonic Molecular Jets.

The origin of the specific effect of microwaves on chemical reactions (the microwave effect) was investigated by examining the effect of microwaves on small groups of molecules such as clusters. The origin of the effect was verified by introducing 2.45 GHz microwaves into a system equipped with a supersonic molecular jet and a special microwave feedthrough to record the fluorescence excitation spectrum of molecules.

Synthesis of Recyclable Magnetic Cellulose Nanofibers from Ionic Liquids for Practical Applications in Separation Science.

The present study focused on coupling cellulose nanofibers (alternative materials for plastics and metals) with a magnetic ionic liquid (synthesized by a microwave-assisted method) through mixing to yield magnetic cellulose nanofibers (MCNFs) that can be recycled by attracting them to a magnet. Accordingly, two types of ionic liquids were synthesized: (a) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate(III) {[bmim] FeCl} and (b) 1-glycidyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[glmi]FeCl}, which were characterized by the fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) technique. Impregnation of the cellulose nanofibers with the {[bmim]FeCl} ionic liquid caused the latter to be physically adsorbed onto the nanofibers to produce {MCNF@{[bmim]FeCl}, whereas the corresponding {[glmi]FeCl} ionic liquid was chemically bonded to the cellulose nanofibers to yield magnetic {MCNF@[glmi]FeCl} nanofibers.

Titania nanocoating on MnCO3 microspheres via liquid-phase deposition for fabrication of template-assisted core-shell- and hollow-structured composites.

A novel class of core-shell- and hollow-structured MnCO3/TiO2 composites was synthesized by titania nanocoating on MnCO3 microspheres via two-step liquid-phase deposition at room temperature. Morphological change from core-shell to hollow microparticles was possible in the prepared samples by controlling prereaction time of MnCO3 and [NH4]2TiF6. Upon the prereaction process, the core of the core-shell MnCO3/TiO2 became highly porous, and a honeycomb-like surface that resembled the orientation of self-assembled MnCO3 nanocrystals was developed.