Effect of UGT1A1, CYP3A and CES Activities on the Pharmacokinetics of Irinotecan and its Metabolites in Patients with UGT1A1 Gene Polymorphisms.

Background And Objectives: Irinotecan (CPT-11) is metabolized to an active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) by carboxylesterase (CES). SN-38 is then converted to the inactive metabolite SN-38 glucuronide (SN-38G) by glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1). Genetic polymorphisms in UGT1A1 have been associated with altered SN-38 pharmacokinetics, which increase the risk of toxicity in patients.

Biomarker Analyses in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors Treated With the LAT1 Inhibitor JPH203.

Background/aim: Amino acids are among the most important nutrients for supplying energy and building protein blocks in cancers. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) 1 is known to play a critical role in cancer growth. We have completed the first-in-human phase I study using the LAT1-specific inhibitor JPH203.

Tramadol/Acetaminophen Combination Tablets in Cancer Patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Single-Arm Phase II Study.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent complication in patients receiving anticancer chemotherapy, but no effective treatment is yet available. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a tramadol/acetaminophen combination tablets for CIPN. This is a single-arm phase II study of tramadol/acetaminophen.

First-in-human phase I study of JPH203, an L-type amino acid transporter 1 inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

This open-label first-in-human study evaluated JPH203, which is a novel selective L-type amino acid transporter 1 inhibitor. We also evaluated the association between the N-acetyltransferase 2 phenotype and outcomes. Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors received daily intravenous JPH203 treatment for 7 days, followed by a 21-day rest period, at escalating doses of 12-85 mg/m.

[Investigation of the Cases of Deaths at Home after Discharge from Palliative Care Unit].

Recently, palliative care units are required to provide home-care support. In our palliative care unit, we support withh ospital discharge according to patient's wishes. In 2 years since April 2016, 104 of 536 hospitalized patients were discharged home (home discharge rate 19.

An early clinical trial of Salirasib, an oral RAS inhibitor, in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.

Purpose: Patients with RAS-positive tumors respond poorly to chemotherapies and have a few treatment options. Salirasib is an oral RAS inhibitor that competitively blocks the membrane association of RAS proteins. The aim of this phase I multiple-ascending-dose clinical trial was to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of Salirasib in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors and to explore its efficacy.

Factors Influencing Cancer Patients' Choice of End-of-Life Care Place.

Background: It is important for cancer patients to receive end-of-life care at the desired place.

Objective: To identify issues in selection of place for end-of-life care of cancer patients to realize their optimal survivorship.

Design And Setting: Between September 2015 and January 2016, a questionnaire consisting of 33 items, including end-of-life care place preferences, was administered to cancer patients who attended three university hospitals in Japan.

The Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Patients with Gemcitabine-refractory Biliary Tract Cancer.

Background: No standard second-line chemotherapy has been yet established for gemcitabine-refractory biliary tract cancer (BTC).

Patients And Methods: We conducted multivariable Cox regression analysis to examine the prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in patients who had received gemcitabine-based treatment.

Results: Forty-six patients received second-line chemotherapy.

Axitinib for Gemcitabine-refractory Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Report of 5 Cases.

Background/aim: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) has been identified as a treatment target for biliary tract cancer (BTC) and axitinib is a selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1/2/3. This study was conducted as a preliminary evaluation of the safety and efficacy of axitinib for patients with advanced BTC.

Patients And Methods: Patients refractory to gemcitabine-based regimens were administered axitinib at the dose of 5 mg twice daily.

[Geriatric Oncology].

The number of older adults in Japan is rising, and healthcare for older patients differs from those of younger patients.We have limited available data regarding the outcomes of cancer treatment in this population.In addition, we have few guidelines to address the evaluation and treatment of older cancer patients in Japan.

A Multicenter Phase II Study of Gemcitabine plus S-1 Chemotherapy for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.

Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) plus cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy has been used worldwide as the standard first-line treatment for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC). A phase II trial has also suggested promising activity of GEM plus S-1 chemotherapy against advanced BTC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GEM plus S-1 chemotherapy in patients with advanced BTC.

[Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer].

The use of FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel for unresectable pancreatic cancer is currently approved in Japan. Although the efficacies of these regimens were investigated only in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, they are also expected to be effective for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Meanwhile, chemoradiotherapy is recognized as a treatment option for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Retrospective analysis of fixed dose rate infusion of gemcitabine and S-1 combination therapy (FGS) as salvage chemotherapy in patients with gemcitabine-refractory advanced pancreatic cancer: inflammation-based prognostic score predicts survival.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of fixed dose rate infusion of gemcitabine and S-1 combination therapy (FGS) in patients with gemcitabine (GEM)-refractory pancreatic cancer (PC) and to explore independent variables associated with survival.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with GEM-refractory PC who received FGS at our institution from March 2009 to December 2013. GEM was administered by fixed dose rate intravenous infusion of 1,200 mg/m(2) as a 120-min infusion on day 1, and S-1 was administered orally twice a day at a dose of 40 mg/m(2) on days 1-7.