Epstein-Barr virus detection in endoscopic submucosal dissection-proven early gastric cancer with mixed-type histology.

Backgrounds: Early gastric cancer (EGC) with mixed-type histology is a significant risk factor for additional surgery after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). On the other hand, Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) with mixed-type histology is a favorable risk factor with regard to lymph node metastasis.

Methods: We performed EBV detection in 13 ESD-proven lesions in 13 cases of early gastric cancer with mixed-type histology using EBV-encoded small RNA1 in situ hybridization (EBER1 ISH).

Endoscopic and pathologic motifs for the clinical diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer.

Objectives: Based on the recent therapeutic trends for gastric cancer (GC), the clinical impact of the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated GC (EBVaGC) appears to be important. We retrospectively analyzed endoscopic and pathologic motifs of GC lesions to narrow the number of candidates for EBV testing.

Methods: We performed EBV tests for 32 upper gastrointestinal lesions of 32 patients in the clinical setting.

Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Early Gastric Cancer Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Possible Candidate for Extended Criteria of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection.

A 73-year-old man visited our hospital for the treatment of an early gastric cancer (GC) lesion. We performed en bloc resection using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for his GC lesion. The present GC lesion was Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated poorly differentiated-type adenocarcinoma invading into the submucosal layer.

Embracing change: striated-for-smooth muscle replacement in esophagus development.

The esophagus functions to transport food from the oropharyngeal region to the stomach via waves of peristalsis and transient relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. The gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, is ensheathed by the muscularis externa (ME). However, while the ME of the gastrointestinal tract distal to the esophagus is exclusively smooth muscle, the esophageal ME of many vertebrate species comprises a variable amount of striated muscle.

PAX7 is required for patterning the esophageal musculature.

Background: The mammalian esophageal musculature is unique in that it makes a transition from smooth to skeletal muscle, with most of this process occurring after birth. In order to better understand the mechanisms that control esophageal musculature development, we investigated the roles in this process of the paired box transcription factor, PAX7, a principal regulator of skeletal myogenic progenitor cells. Previous studies showed that Pax7 is important for determining the esophageal muscle composition.

An E-cadherin-mediated hitchhiking mechanism for C. elegans germ cell internalization during gastrulation.

Gastrulation movements place endodermal precursors, mesodermal precursors and primordial germ cells (PGCs) into the interior of the embryo. Somatic cell gastrulation movements are regulated by transcription factors that also control cell fate, coupling cell identity and position. By contrast, PGCs in many species are transcriptionally quiescent, suggesting that they might use alternative gastrulation strategies.

Conserved role of unc-79 in ethanol responses in lightweight mutant mice.

The mechanisms by which ethanol and inhaled anesthetics influence the nervous system are poorly understood. Here we describe the positional cloning and characterization of a new mouse mutation isolated in an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) forward mutagenesis screen for animals with enhanced locomotor activity. This allele, Lightweight (Lwt), disrupts the homolog of the Caenorhabditis elegans (C.