Long noncoding RNA USP30-AS1 promotes influenza A virus replication by enhancing PHB1 function.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. Although evidence accumulated over the past decade shows that lncRNAs have key roles in the interaction between viruses and hosts, the functions of the majority of differentially expressed lncRNAs in response to viral infections remain uncharacterized so far. In this study, we have identified that USP30 antisense RNA 1 (USP30-AS1), a host antisense lncRNA, is hijacked by influenza A virus (IAV) to assist its replication.

Insight Into an Outbreak of Canine Distemper Virus Infection in Masked Palm Civets in China.

In August 2019, a suspected outbreak of canine distemper was observed in a masked palm civet farm that also received stray civets and rescued wild civets in Henan Province of China. A virulent canine distemper virus (CDV) strain, named HN19, from vaccinated masked palm civets was the etiologic agent identified in this outbreak using RT-PCR and sequencing of the complete genome. Serological analysis indicated a lower positive rate of CDV-neutralizing antibody in wild civets than in captive civets.

Long noncoding RNA TSPOAP1 antisense RNA 1 negatively modulates type I IFN signaling to facilitate influenza A virus replication.

Although the expression of thousands of host long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be regulated by viral infection, the number of lncRNAs with experimentally verified function is limited. In this study, the expression of host lncRNA TSPOAP1-AS1 was significantly induced by influenza A virus (IAV) infection in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA, also increased TSPOAP1-AS1 expression.