Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of singleton pregnancy from donated frozen versus fresh oocytes.

To evaluate whether oocyte cryopreservation affects obstetric and perinatal outcomes, 350 donor oocyte recipients with live-born singletons were divided into three groups: frozen embryo transfer (FET) with fresh oocytes (n = 101), fresh embryo transfer (ET) with frozen oocytes (n = 190), FET with frozen oocytes (n = 59). Gestational age differed significantly (P = 0.025), with the FET with frozen oocytes group showing longer gestational age than FET with fresh oocytes group (276 days vs.

Menstrual abnormalities effects on clinical features and in vitro fertilization pregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Background: The diagnostic criteria and phenotypes in polycystic ovary syndrome are heterogeneous. Currently, it is unclear how to assess a patient's prognosis based on the onset time of menstruation disturbance. Evidence on this topic is scarce and has mainly focused on menstrual patterns.

The difference in early trimester fetal growth between singletons after frozen embryo transfer and fresh embryo transfer.

Background: Frozen embryo transfer resulted in a higher birthweight and an increased risk of macrosomia than fresh embryo transfer. However, the mechanism was still unclear. When the impact of frozen embryo transfer on fetal growth began was unknown.

How to minimize the dropout and crossover in an infertility trial?

Randomized controlled trials and intent-to-treat analyses are important for infertility clinical studies. Dropouts or crossovers during the study process will disrupt the randomization design and affect the intent-to-treat analysis. In this review, we have briefly introduced the occurrence of dropout and crossover from our previous Reproductive Medicine Network and other related studies and provided some experience obtained from these studies on how to minimize and reduce the occurrence of dropout and crossover for infertility randomized clinical studies.

Roles of bone morphogenetic proteins in endometrial remodeling during the human menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

Background: During the human menstrual cycle and pregnancy, the endometrium undergoes a series of dynamic remodeling processes to adapt to physiological changes. Insufficient endometrial remodeling, characterized by inadequate endometrial proliferation, decidualization and spiral artery remodeling, is associated with infertility, endometriosis, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and pregnancy-related complications such as preeclampsia and miscarriage. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), a subset of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, are multifunctional cytokines that regulate diverse cellular activities, such as differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix synthesis, are now understood as integral to multiple reproductive processes in women.

Oral micronized progesterone versus vaginal progesterone for luteal phase support in fresh embryo transfer cycles: a multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority trial.

Study Question: Does oral micronized progesterone result in a non-inferior ongoing pregnancy rate compared to vaginal progesterone gel as luteal phase support (LPS) in fresh embryo transfer cycles?

Summary Answer: The ongoing pregnancy rate in the group administered oral micronized progesterone 400 mg per day was non-inferior to that in the group administered vaginal progesterone gel 90 mg per day.

What Is Known Already: LPS is an integrated component of fresh IVF, for which an optimal treatment regimen is still lacking. The high cost and administration route of the commonly used vaginal progesterone make it less acceptable than oral micronized progesterone; however, the efficacy of oral micronized progesterone is unclear owing to concerns regarding its low bioavailability after the hepatic first pass.

Interpregnancy Interval After Clinical Pregnancy Loss and Outcomes of the Next Frozen Embryo Transfer.

Importance: The optimal interpregnancy interval (IPI) after a clinical pregnancy loss (CPL) remains controversial. Few studies have addressed the role of the IPI after a preceding CPL during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Objective: To evaluate the association between different IPI lengths after a preceding CPL and pregnancy outcomes of the next frozen embryo transfer (FET).

An appraisal of current embryo transfer strategies.

Embryo transfer, one of the most essential procedures in assisted reproductive technology, plays a vital role in the success of fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. During the last decades, the strategies for embryo transfer have changed dramatically. In this review, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of several current embryo transfer strategies including fresh versus frozen embryo transfer, cleavage- versus blastocyst-stage embryo transfer, and single- versus double-embryo transfer.

Identification of novel first-trimester serum biomarkers for early prediction of preeclampsia.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity worldwide, but effective early prediction remains a challenge due to the lack of reliable biomarkers.

Methods: Based on the extensive human biobank of our large-scale assisted reproductive cohort platform, the first-trimester serum levels of 48 cytokines, total immunoglobulins (Igs), anti-phosphatidylserine (aPS) antibodies, and several previously reported PE biomarkers [including placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), and activin A] were measured in 34 women diagnosed with PE and 34 matched normotensive controls.

Results: The PE group has significantly higher first-trimester serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2Rα, IL-9, tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β), RANTES, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), total IgM, and total IgG, and aPS IgG optical density (OD) value, as well as lower first-trimester serum levels of PlGF and total IgA and aPS-IgG immune complexes (IC) OD value than the control group.

The likelihood of a healthy live birth after frozen embryo transfer with endometrium prepared by natural ovulation regimen vs programmed regimen: a propensity-score matching study.

Background: The number of frozen embryo transfer cycles is increasing, but the optimal method of endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer remains controversial. Few studies have investigated the healthy live birth outcome after the natural ovulation regimen vs the programmed regimen.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether the likelihood of a healthy live birth after frozen embryo transfer differs between the natural ovulation regimen and the programmed regimen.

The effect of parental carrier of de novo mutated vs. inherited balanced reciprocal translocation on the chance of euploid embryos.

Objective: To evaluate whether the effect of de novo mutated balanced reciprocal translocation on the rate of euploid embryos varied from inherited balanced reciprocal translocation.

Design: A retrospective cohort study compared the percentage of euploid embryo and proportion of patients with at least 1 euploid embryo between de novo mutated balanced reciprocal translocation (i.e.

Prednisone vs Placebo and Live Birth in Patients With Recurrent Implantation Failure Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Implantation failure remains a critical barrier to in vitro fertilization. Prednisone, as an immune-regulatory agent, is widely used to improve the probability of implantation and pregnancy, although the evidence for efficacy is inadequate.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of 10 mg of prednisone compared with placebo on live birth among women with recurrent implantation failure.

Is artificial endometrial preparation more associated with early-onset or late-onset preeclampsia after frozen embryo transfer?

Purpose: To explore whether the risks of early- or late-onset preeclampsia vary among frozen embryo transfer (FET) with different regimens for endometrial preparation and fresh embryo transfer (FreET).

Methods: We retrospectively included a total of 24129 women who achieved singleton delivery during their first cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) between January 2012 and March 2020. The risks of early- and late-onset preeclampsia after FET with endometrial preparation by natural ovulation cycles (FET-NC) or by artificial cycles (FET-AC) were compared to that after FreET.

The gestational age-specific difference in birthweight between singletons born after fresh and frozen embryo transfer: A cohort study.

Introduction: Accumulating studies have suggested singletons born after frozen embryo transfer (FET) were higher than those born after fresh embryo transfer (Fre-ET). However, fewer studies had investigated the gestational age-specific between-group difference in birthweight. This study aimed to investigate the gestational week-specific difference in singleton birthweight after FET vs Fre-ET and explore potential factors that impact the difference.

ANGPTL4 inhibits granulosa cell proliferation in polycystic ovary syndrome by EGFR/JAK1/STAT3-mediated induction of p21.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common, heterogenous endocrine disorders and is the leading cause of ovulatory obstacle associated with abnormal folliculogenesis. Dysfunction of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) is recognized as a major factor that underlies abnormal follicle maturation. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) expression in GCs differs between patients with and without PCOS.

Risk factors for clinical pregnancy loss after IVF in women with PCOS.

Research Question: Which factors are associated with the risk of clinical pregnancy loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing IVF?

Design: Case-control study nested in a multicentre randomized trial comparing live birth rates between fresh and frozen embryo transfer in women with PCOS. Women with the outcome of clinical pregnancy loss were selected as the case group, those with live birth as the control group. Parameters before IVF treatment and variables during ovarian stimulation and embryo transfer were compared.

Proteomics and bioinformatics analysis of follicular fluid from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder with heterogeneous manifestations and complex etiology. We used quantitative proteomics analysis based on mass spectrometry to identify the differences in proteomics profiles for follicular fluid obtained from patients with or without PCOS and explore possible mechanisms underlying PCOS. Follicular fluid samples were collected from infertile patients with (n = 9) or without (n = 9) PCOS.

Does ICSI outcome in obstructive azoospermia differ according to the origin of retrieved spermatozoa or the cause of epididymal obstruction? A comparative study.

Purpose: To determine whether ICSI outcomes are affected by sperm source or genital tract inflammatory status.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in all consecutive obstructive azoospermia patients who underwent testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and ICSI between February 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. Couples were excluded if they were diagnosed with monogenic disease, abnormal karyotype, or had female uterine malformation.

Ovulation induction regimens are associated with a higher rate of livebirth after frozen single-blastocyst transfer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimen was suggested to be associated with a decreased rate of livebirth and a higher risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) after frozen cleavage stage embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). With the dramatically increased use of elective single embryo transfer, there is great need to explore the impacts of different endometrial preparation regimens on frozen single-blastocyst transfer in women with PCOS.

Methods: In this study, a total of 3941 women who diagnosed with PCOS and underwent single-blastocyst transfer during their first cycles of frozen embryo transfer (FET) between March 2012 and December 2020 were included.

dividual participant data meta-analysis of trials comparing rzen versus fesh ebryo transfer strategy (INFORM): a protocol.

Introduction: Existing randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a freeze-all embryo transfer strategy and a fresh embryo transfer strategy have shown conflicting results. A freeze-all or a fresh transfer policy may be preferable for some couples undergoing in-vitro fertilisation (IVF), but it is unclear which couples would benefit most from each policy, how and under which protocols. Therefore, we plan a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of RCTs comparing a freeze-all and a fresh transfer policy.

The sex-specific difference in singleton birth weight after frozen embryo transfer compared with fresh embryo transfer: a secondary analysis of 3 randomized trials.

Objective: To assess whether the between-group difference in singleton birth weight following frozen vs. fresh embryo transfer varied with infant sex.

Design: A post hoc exploratory secondary analysis of data from three multicenter randomized trials compared the live birth rates between freeze-only vs.

Live Birth with or without Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy.

Background: Embryo selection with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) may improve pregnancy outcomes after initial embryo transfer. However, it remains uncertain whether PGT-A improves the cumulative live-birth rate as compared with conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, we randomly assigned subfertile women with three or more good-quality blastocysts to undergo either PGT-A or conventional IVF; all the women were between 20 and 37 years of age.